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Full Description
This book offers the first comparative study of the foundations, consolidation and contestation of regime guardianship in the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Republic of Turkey. For decades, the military in Turkey and the clergy in Iran acted as the guardians of Atatürk and Khomeini's ideological legacies. At the turn of the 21st century rising popular actors in both countries started challenging the tutelary control of the state and society. While in Turkey the clash between the Kemalist guardians and their Islamist-led rivals resulted in a victory for the latter, although not for democracy, in Iran, traditionalist guardians were able to thwart popular challenges to their authority at the expense of the regime's democratic legitimacy. How was guardianship established, consolidated and contested in these republics with seemingly inimical founding ideologies? Why did it unravel in Turkey but survive in the Islamic Republic in the early 2010s? And what do these power struggles and their outcomes tell us about political contestation in tutelary hybrid regimes?
Contents
List of Acronyms
Preface
Introduction
Part I: Foundations
1. Of Power and Legitimacy: The Idea of State in Iran and Turkey
2. Atatürk and Khomeini: Political and Ideological Legacies of Charismatic Founders
Part II: Consolidation
3. Institutional Duality in the Islamic Republic of Iran
4. Democracy Under Tutelage in Turkey
Part III: Contestation
5. The Strangling of the Republican Pillar in Iran
6. The Dismantling of the Kemalist Guardianship in Turkey
Part IV: The Outcome
7. The Rouhani Presidency and the Limits of Moderation
8. Change and Continuity in the Making of Erdoğan's 'New Turkey'
Conclusion
Bibliography
