Full Description
This open access book analyzes the relation between dominant frameworks of LGBTQ+ identity in India and non-elite, non-metropolitan communities such as kothis and hijras, a spectrum of feminine-identified people usually assigned male at birth. Going beyond the well-known 'third gender' hijra community, this is the first book to study the discourses and practices of related but underrepresented groups like kothis and dhuranis in small-town and rural India while simultaneously examining their relation to and role within LGBTQ+ identity politics.
Based on long-term ethnographic fieldwork, the book demonstrates that non-elite groups facilitate the transregional expansion of organized queer politics and become more consolidated as gender/sexual identities in the process. Yet, they often remain irreducible to emerging identity categories and become subordinated through hierarchies of scale and language that serve to contain such communities and related discourses as local and vernacular. The book shows how this process, in effect, denies them an equal role in transnational LGBT politics; reinforces class/caste hierarchies within and beyond queer communities; and delegitimizes or erases articulations of gender/sexual difference that contravene dominant understandings of gender/sexual identity aligned with transnational capitalism, liberalism, or nationalism. Simultaneously, it reveals how non-elite communities rearticulate dominant identity categories in more equal, liberatory ways.
The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. This book was made possible with generous support from the University of Iowa's Office of the Vice President for Research and College of Liberal Arts and Sciences.
Contents
List of Figures
List of Maps
List of Tables
Acknowledgements
List of Abbreviations
Introduction: Toward a Theory of Vernacularization
1. The Scalar Emergence of the Hijra
2. Kothi and the Cartography of MSM
3. Vernacularization and Non/Linear Gender Among Kothis
4. Rupantarkami Narratives and the Attempted Standardization of Trans Interiority
5. Refashioning Transgender: Pluralization and Re-Vernacularization
6. Cis/Trans Divides and the Partial Erasure of the Kothi
Afterword: Afterlives of the Vernacluarized
Notes
Glossary
References
Index
