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Full Description
The Catholic Church has always been a major player in European and even world history. Whether it has enjoyed a religious dominance or existed as a minority religion, Catholicism has never been diverted from political life. This book records the Church struggling to adapt to the new political landscape ushered in by the French Revolution, and shows how the formation of nation states and identities was both helped and hindered by the Catholic establishment. It portrays the Vatican increasingly out of step in the wake of two world wars, the Cold War and the massive expansion of the developing world, with its problems of population growth and under-development.
Contents
Introduction
1 Catholicism in Retrenchment:the Eighteenth Century
The religious geography of Europe
Established churches and Erastianism
The Latin theocracy
The sociology of the Church: the secular clergy
The sociology of the Church: the regulars
Belief and practice
Conclusion:Catholicism in rupture
Part 2: Catholicism in Revolution: 1789-1815
The rupture, 1787-90
Catholicism and counter-revolution
War and dechristianisation
The revolution abroad
Rome and revolution:the last Pope?
Napoleon and religion
Napoleon and Europe
Conclusion:revolution in retrospect
Part 3: Catholicism Restored: 1815-50
A new religious geography of Europe
The age of con- cordats?
Catholics under non-Catholic rule
Reaction in theory and practice
A religious revival?
Pius IX and the revolutions of 1848
Conclusion: restoration reviewed
Part 4: Catholicism Retuned: 1850-1914
Ultramontanism and the papacy
Identity and nationalism: the anti-Catholic onslaught
The Catholic intellectual world: modernism versus integralism
Secularisation
Catholicism overseas
Conclusion:a Church in the Pope 's image
Part 5: Catholicism and Reaction: 1914-45
The First World War and its aftermath
Catholics and dictators
Catholics and the liberal democracies
Catholics and belief during the inter-war years
The Second World War
Conclusion:change and continuity
Part 6: Catholicism Revised: 1945-2002
Catholics and Cold War: Eastern Europe
Catholics and Cold War: Western Europe
The Second Vatican Council
The challenge of a new secularisation
John Paul II: 'a living cult'
Conclusion
Part 7: Conclusion:Catholicism Reviewed