Full Description
MANUAL DE GRAMÁTICA is the most reliable grammar reference. It combines vivid, easy-to-use charts with detailed grammar explanations in English supported by clear examples. The text covers all major grammatical rules of Spanish and provides real-world applications of all grammar points, making it an invaluable reference tool that you will turn to time and again in your Spanish courses. And, by choosing MANUAL DE GRAMÁTICA in an online format through iLrn: Language Learning Center, you can review mini-lessons on grammar, pronunciation, and vocabulary to study and supplement in-class lessons!
Contents
1.OVERVIEW.
A. Sentence Components.
B. Verb Structure.
C. Sentence Structure. Independent Clauses. Main or Principal Clauses. Dependent or Subordinate Clauses.
D. Subject-Verb Agreement.
2. NOUNS AND NOUN DETERMINERS.
A. Nouns and Their Equivalents. Introduction. Definition. Noun Equivalents. Noun Companions. Nouns: Gender and Number. Gender (Género). Number (Número). Personal.
B. Noun Determiners. Articles. Definite Articles. Subjects. Titles. Languages. Possessives vs. Articles. Indefinite Articles. Adjectives. Demonstrative Adjectives. Possessive Adjectives. Forms of Descriptive Adjectives. Common Adjective Endings. Adjectives with Short and Long Forms. Position of Descriptive Adjectives. Comparisons. Comparisons of Inequality. With Adverbs, Adjectives, and Nouns. With a Numerical Expression, Use de Instead of que. With a Verb or Clause as Second Part of Comparison. Comparisons of Equality. Tanto(-a, -os, -as) ... como. Tanto como. Tan ... como. Superlatives.
3. PRONOUNS.
A. Personal Pronouns. Grammatical Functions of Personal Pronouns. Subject. Direct Object Complement. Indirect Object Complement with Direct Object. Indirect Object Complement without Direct Object. Transitivity. Subject Pronouns. Direct Object Pronouns. Formation and Usage. Stressed and Unstressed Object Pronouns (Direct or Indirect Object). Lo: the Neuter (Invariable) Pronoun. Indirect Object Pronouns. Required Repetitive Object Pronouns. Direct Object Pronouns. Indirect Object Pronouns. Order of Object Pronouns When Combined. Position of Object Pronouns. Prepositional Object Pronouns.
B. Se. Introduction. Reflexive Pronouns. Reflexives. Reciprocals. Se me Construction: Accidental se. Impersonal se. Introduction. Agent Present (Subject of the Action: Stated). No Agent: Not Impersonal (Subject of the Action: Absent but Implied). No Agent: Impersonal (Subject of the Action: Absent and Irrelevant). Impersonal se with Inanimate Objects. Impersonal se with Persons. Impersonal se with Both Human and Inanimate Objects. Impersonal Reflexive Construction--uno.
C. Demonstrative and Possessive Pronouns. Demonstrative Pronouns. Possessive Pronouns.
D. Interrogatives. ¿Qué?. ¿Cuál?. ¿Qué? vs. ¿Cuál? with ser. How?. How? + Verb = ¿Cómo?. How? + Adjective or Adverb ? ¿Cómo?. Word Order.
E. Exclamatives. ¡Qué! + Noun. ¡Qué! + Modified Noun. ¡Qué! + Adjective. ¡Qué! + Adverb. ¡Cómo! + Verb. ¡Cuánto! + Verb. ¡Cuánto(a)! + Noun. ¡Cuántos(as)! + Noun. ¡Quién! + Verb.
F. Indefinites and Negatives.
G. Relative Pronouns. Formation and Usage. Relative Pronouns without a Preposition. Relative Pronouns with a Preposition. El cual/el que. Que after a/de/en/con. Additional Uses. Lo que/lo cual (Invariable). El que. Lo que. Cuyo. Donde. Who. Interrogative Pronoun: ¿Quién?. Relative Pronoun: que. El cual/el que. What.
4. PREPOSITIONS, ADVERBS, CONJUNCTIONS, AND TRANSITIONS.
A. Prepositions. Function of Prepositions. Verbs Used without Prepositions. Individual Prepositions. A. Usage. Personal a. Expressions with a. Verbs with a. Con. Usage. Expressions with con. Verbs with con. De. Usage. Expressions with de. Verbs with de. En. Usage. Expressions with en. Verbs with en. Para. Usage. Expressions with para. Por. Usage. Expressions with por. Verbs with por. List of Expressions with Prepositions (English-Spanish). Review of Expressions with Prepositions.
B. Adverbs. Definition. Adverbs Ending in -mente. Word Order. Multiple-Function Words. Adverbs of Time. Adverbs of Manner. Adverbs of Quantity. Adverbs of Confirmation, Doubt, or Negation. Adverbial Phrases. Adverbs of Place. Related Adverbs and Prepositions.
C. Conjunctions. Usage. Conjunctions of Coordination. Conjunctions of Subordination.
D. Transitions.
5. VERBS: FORMATION.
A. Indicative Mood. Present Indicative. Regular Verbs. Stem-Changing Verbs. Spelling-Changing Verbs. Classified Irregular Verbs. Other Irregular Verbs. Aspects of the Past Indicative. Imperfect Indicative. Preterite. Present Perfect Indicative. Pluperfect Indicat
