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Full Description
This volume opens up new perspectives on Babylonian and Assyrian literature, through the lens of a pivotal passage in the Gilgamesh Flood story. It shows how, using a nine-line message where not all was as it seemed, the god Ea inveigled humans into building the Ark.
The volume argues that Ea used a 'bitextual' message: one which can be understood in different ways that sound the same. His message thus emerges as an ambivalent oracle in the tradition of 'folktale prophecy'. The argument is supported by interlocking investigations of lexicography, divination, diet, figurines, social history, and religion. There are also extended discussions of Babylonian word play and ancient literary interpretation. Besides arguing for Ea's duplicity, the book explores its implications - for narrative sophistication in Gilgamesh, for audiences and performance of the poem, and for the relation of the Gilgamesh Flood story to the versions in Atra-hasīs, the Hellenistic historian Berossos, and the Biblical Book of Genesis.
Ea's Duplicity in the Gilgamesh Flood Story will interest Assyriologists, Hebrew Bible scholars and Classicists, but also students and researchers in all areas concerned with Gilgamesh, word-play, oracles, and traditions about the Flood.
Contents
Preface; Acknowledgments; Copyright credits; Abbreviations; Conventions PART I - Preliminaries; 1 Introduction; 2 'Interrogating' Babylonian narrative poetry; 3 'Identifying' puns; 4 The high concentration of puns in the Gilgameš Flood story; PART II - Dissecting Ea's message; 5 The lines about the Flood hero; 6 Raining 'plenty': ušaznanakkunūši nuhšam-ma; 7 The birds: [hiṣib] iṣṣūrāti; 8 The fish: puzur nūnī; 9 The harvest: [...] mešrâ ebūram-ma; 10 'Cakes at dawn': ina šēr(-)kukkī; 11 'In the evening': ina līlâti; 12 The 'rain of wheat': šamût kibāti; 13 Recapitulation; 14 Issues of textual history; 15 Meaning and performance; PART III - Conspicuous silences in the Gilgameš Flood story; 16 Outlining the problems; 17 Does Atra-hasīs 'fill in the gaps'?; 18 Communications between Ea and the Flood hero; 19 Communication between the Flood hero and the people of Šuruppak; 20 Ea's elusiveness; 21 The enigma of Uta-napišti; 22 Why the 'gaps'?; PART IV - Other interconnections; 23 Ea's duplicity and Babylonian/Assyrian divination; 24 Beyond Cuneiform; 25 Conclusions; References; Alphabetical index; Index locurum
