Full Description
Over the last two decades in the West, there has been a significant increase in the arrest, imprisonment and detention of migrants. The racial criminalization and victimization of migrants and Roma people has led judicial authorities, local governments, the police, mass media and the general population to perceive migrants and 'gypsies' as responsible for a wide range of offences. Taking into consideration the political and cultural conditions that affect and interconnect societies of emigration and immigration, the contributors examine and compare a range of cases in Europe and the United States. The contributions demonstrate how the persecution of the 'current enemy' is the 'total political fact' of the 21st century in that it ensures consensus and business, or what might be termed the 'crime deal' of today. This provocative book has international appeal and will be a valuable resource for academics, researchers and policymakers with an interest in migration and social and ethnic control.
Contents
1: Introduction; I: General Overview; 2: A Review of the Principal European Countries; 3: Do Conflicts between Cultures Really Exist? A Historical and Methodological Reflection 1; 4: Using Gender to Shape Difference: The Doctrine of Cultural Offence and Cultural Defence; 5: Media Discourse on Immigration: Control Practices and the Language we Live; 6: The Detention Machine; 7: The Metamorphosis of Asylum in Europe: From the Origins of 'Fake Refugees' to their Internment 1; 8: The (re)Criminalization of Roma Communities in a Neoliberal Europe; 9: The U.S. Penal Experiment; II: National Case Studies; 10: Delinquency, Victimization, Criminalization and Penal Treatment of Foreigners in France; 11: Criminalization and Victimization of Immigrants in Germany; 12: The Construction of Migrants as a Risk Category in the Spanish Penal System; 13: The Italian Crime Deal; III: Particular Practices; 14: The Road to Racial Profiling Was Paved by Immigrants; 15: England: At the Forefront in the Punishment of Minors 1
