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Full Description
Despite its overwhelmingly Muslim majority, Indonesia has always been seen as exceptional for its diversity and pluralism. In recent years, however, there has been a rise in "majoritarianism", with resurgent Islamist groups pushing hard to impose conservative values on public life - in many cases with considerable success. This has sparked growing fears for the future of basic human rights, and, in particular, the rights of women and sexual and ethnic minority groups. There have, in fact, been more prosecutions of unorthodox religious groups since the fall of Soeharto in 1998 than there were under the three decades of his authoritarian rule. Some Indonesians even feel that the pluralism they thought was constitutionally guaranteed by the national ideology, the Pancasila, is now under threat. This book contains essays exploring these issues by prominent scholars, lawyers and activists from within Indonesia and beyond, offering detailed accounts of the political and legal implications of rising resurgent Islamism in Indonesia. Examining particular cases of intolerance and violence against minorities, it also provides an account of the responses offered by a weak state that now seems too often unwilling to intervene to protect vulnerable minorities against rising religious intolerance.
Contents
Part I: State Regulation of Religious Freedom 1. State Power to Restrict Religious Freedom: An Overview of the Legal Framework 2. Freedom of Religion under the Constitution 3. Faith and Freedom in Indonesian Law 4. State Regulation of Religious Affairs: The Search for Equality and Social Harmony Part II: The Politics of Religious Intolerance 5. Overview of the Politics of Religious Intolerance 6. Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa: The Politics of the State-Religion Relationship 7. The Law on Religious Harmony in Public Debate 8. Can Non-Muslims Lead Muslims? The case of the Jakarta Elections Part III: Civil Society, Pluralism and Intolerance 9. The Decreasing Space for Non-Religious Expression 10. MUI and Aqida-based Intolerance 11. Civil Society, Accountability and Legal Control of Government Action Part IV: Violence and State Responses 12. Islamist Civil Society and Violent Extremism in Indonesia: A Tactical Merger? 13. Policing Vigilantism against Religious Minorities 14. Pink or Blue Swing? Art, Pornography, Islamists and the Law Part V: Discrimination and Vulnerable Groups 15. Perda Sharia and Democratisation 16. Implementing Perda Syariat in Aceh and West Sumatra 17. Women in the Islamic Courts Conclusion 18. Religious Freedom, Minority Rights and the State of Democracy in Indonesia
