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Full Description
The challenges facing humanity in the 21st century include climate change, population growth, overconsumption of resources, overproduction of waste and increasing energy demands. For construction practitioners, responding to these challenges means creating a built environment that provides accommodation and infrastructure with better whole-life performance using lower volumes of primary materials, less non-renewable energy, wasting less and causing fewer disturbances to the natural environment. Concrete is ubiquitous in the built environment. It is therefore essential that it is used in the most sustainable way so practitioners must become aware of the range of sustainable concrete solutions available for construction. While sustainable development has been embedded into engineering curricula, it can be difficult for students and academics to be fully aware of the innovations in sustainable construction that are developed by the industry.
Sustainable Concrete Solutions serves as an introduction to and an overview of the latest developments in sustainable concrete construction. It provides useful guidance, with further references, to students, researchers, academics and practitioners of all construction disciplines who are faced with the challenge of designing, specifying and constructing with concrete.
Contents
Foreword vii
Professor Jacqueline Glass
Preface viii
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Sustainability and sustainable development 1
1.2 The role of the design team in sustainable development 3
1.3 Sustainability credentials of concrete 3
1.4 Book layout and context 8
References 9
2 Challenges and Responses 11
2.1 Introduction 11
2.2 Climate change 11
2.3 Environmental protection 17
2.4 Social progress 32
2.5 Economic growth 41
2.6 Regulatory responses 43
2.7 Summary 50
References 52
3 Conceptual Design of Buildings and Infrastructure 55
3.1 Introduction 55
3.2 Conceptual design of buildings 58
3.3 Conceptual design of infrastructure 94
3.4 Summary 114
References 115
4 Material Specification 118
4.1 Introduction 118
4.2 Assessing environmental impacts of materials 118
4.3 Responsible sourcing of materials 129
4.4 Cements and combinations 131
4.5 Aggregates 143
4.6 Water 149
4.7 Admixtures 150
4.8 Novel constituents 155
4.9 Reinforcement 158
4.10 Special concretes 160
4.11 Specification examples 164
4.12 Key guidance to specify sustainable concrete 165
4.13 Summary 166
Acknowledgements 167
References 167
5 Construction, Operation and End of Life 170
5.1 Construction 170
5.2 Operation 172
5.3 End of life 173
5.4 Summary 174
References 175
Appendix A: Thermal Mass 176
Appendix B: Biomass Substitution 187
Appendix C: Choice of Concrete Slab Options 191
Appendix D: Example on Embodied CO 2 for a Building Slab 206
Index 213
