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Provides modern enterprises with the tools to create a robust digital platform utilizing proven best practices, practical models, and time-tested techniques
Contemporary business organizations can either embrace the digital revolution—or be left behind. Enterprise Content and Search Management for Building Digital Platforms provides modern enterprises with the necessary tools to create a robust digital platform utilizing proven best practices, practical models, and time-tested techniques to compete in the today's digital world. Features include comprehensive discussions on content strategy, content key performance indicators (KPIs), mobile-first strategy, content assessment models, various practical techniques and methodologies successfully used in real-world digital programs, relevant case studies, and more. Initial chapters cover core concepts of a content management system (CMS), including content strategy; CMS architecture, templates, and workflow; reference architectures, information architecture, taxonomy, and content metadata. Advanced CMS topics are then covered, with chapters on integration, content standards, digital asset management (DAM), document management, and content migration, evaluation, validation, maintenance, analytics, SEO, security, infrastructure, and performance. The basics of enterprise search technologies are explored next, and address enterprise search architecture, advanced search, operations, and governance. Final chapters then focus on enterprise program management and feature coverage of various concepts of digital program management and best practices—along with an illuminating end-to-end digital program case study.
Offers a comprehensive guide to the understanding and learning of new methodologies, techniques, and models for the creation of an end-to-end digital system
Addresses a wide variety of proven best practices and deployed techniques in content management and enterprise search space which can be readily used for digital programs
Covers the latest digital trends such as mobile-first strategy, responsive design, adaptive content design, micro services architecture, semantic search and such and also utilizes sample reference architecture for implementing solutions
Features numerous case studies to enhance comprehension, including a complete end-to-end digital program case study
Provides readily usable content management checklists and templates for defining content strategy, CMS evaluation, search evaluation and DAM evaluation
Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Enterprise Content and Search Management for Building Digital Platforms is an invaluable reference resource for creating an optimal enterprise digital eco-system to meet the challenges of today's hyper-connected world.
Contents
Preface xvii
Acknowledgments xxvii
About the Author xxix
About the Companion Website xxxi
Part 1 Content Management Basics for Digital Platforms
1 Introduction to Digital Platforms 3
1.1 Enterprise Digital Ecosystem 4
Digital Opportunities for Enterprises 4
Challenges in Modern Digital Enterprises 5
Enterprise Digital Capabilities 6
Digital Disruption across Business Domains 9
1.2 Concepts of Enterprise Content Management (ECM) 15
Enterprise Content Ecosystem 15
Content Presentation 16
Content Applications 16
Enterprise Services 18
Access Channels 18
ECM vs WCM 19
Book's Focus Areas 19
1.3 Enterprise Digital Strategy and Content Strategy 20
Enterprise Digital Strategy 21
Core Digital Technologies 24
Digital Content Strategy 25
1.4 Digital Content Management and Enterprise Search: An Overview 28
Digital Content Management 28
Enterprise Search 29
Enterprise Sources Used by Search Engine 30
1.5 Chapter Summary 30
2 Content Strategy 32
2.1 Overview of Content Strategy 32
Introduction to Content Strategy 33
Main Tenets of Content Strategy 33
Related Strategies and Artifacts Used in Content Strategy 34
Common Challenges with Content 36
Definition of Key Terms 38
2.2 Prerequisites for Content Strategy 38
Content Requirements 39
2.3 Defining Content Strategy 41
Phases of Content Strategy 41
Design Considerations 46
Core Elements of Content Strategy 50
2.4 Content Strategy Case Study 73
2.5 Chapter Summary 79
3 Basics of Content Management Systems 82
3.1 What Is a Content Management System? 82
Business Drivers for CMS 84
Utilities of CMS 85
Challenges in Implementation of CMS 86
CMS Trends 87
Various Roles in CMS 89
3.2 CMS Key Design Principles 89
Reusability and Flexibility 89
Taxonomy and Metadata Definition 90
Standards Definition 90
Consolidated Content Repository 91
Governance Model 91
Content Syndication and Services 91
CMS Evaluation 91
3.3 CMS Capabilities and Attributes 92
Desired Core Capabilities of CMS 92
Main Functionality of Core CMS components 94
Desired Attributes of CMS 96
3.4 Content Lifecycle Management in CMS 98
3.5 A Brief Description of Open Source CMS and JCR 100
Drupal (https://www.drupal.org/) 100
Joomla (https://www.joomla.org/) 101
WordPress (https://wordpress.org/) 101
JCR Implementation: Apache Jackrabbit 102
3.6 Chapter Summary 102
4 Content Management System Architecture 104
4.1 CMS Design and Architecture 104
CMS Implementation Approach 105
4.2 Modern CMS Architecture Patterns 106
MVC Architecture 106
N-tier Architecture and N-layer Architecture 108
Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) 109
Microservices Architecture 111
4.3 CMS Value Articulation and Solution Principles 113
CMS Value Articulation Framework 113
4.4 CMS Solution Design Principles 114
4.5 Design of CMS Solution Components 118
Multi-Site Management Design 118
Content Folder Design 124
Content URL Design 124
Localization Design 126
Collaboration Design 129
4.6 CMS Operations Management 130
Release Management Process 131
CMS Maintenance 134
4.7 Realizing Content Strategy with CMS 137
Content Design and Creation Using CMS 137
4.8 CMS Reference Architectures 137
Customer Experience Platform (CXP) Reference Architecture 137
Knowledge Management System Based on CMS 143
Digital Marketing Platform Based on CMS 147
Architecture of Apache Jackrabbit 147
4.9 Chapter Summary 152
5 Development Using Templates and Workflows 154
5.1 CMS Template Design 154
What Are Templates? 155
Authoring Template, Presentation Template, and Page Layout 155
Design of Authoring Templates 157
Content Templates Based on Open Standards 158
Content Presentation Templates 159
5.2 Authoring Content Using an Authoring Template 160
Template-User Interface 162
Using Templates for Pages 162
5.3 Chunking and Templates for Chunks 165
Design Considerations for a Content Chunk 168
Content Chunk-Based Page Content Aggregation 168
Case Study: Chunk Identification and Chunk Template Design for Product Pages 170
Template Guidelines and Best Practices 176
5.4 Template Support among Various CMS 178
5.5 Case Study: Building Content Templates for a Web Support Site 179
Web Support Site Case Study: Context and Overview 179
5.6 Content Workflows 183
Workflow Design 184
Designing Workflow 187
Workflow Optimization 188
5.7 Case Study: Modeling Workflow for a Knowledge Management System 189
5.8 Chapter Summary 192
6 Content Information Architecture, Taxonomy, and Metadata 195
6.1 Intuitive Information Architecture 196
Goals of IA 196
Elements of IA 196
Defining IA 196
Best Practices While Defining IA 198
Role of IA in Content Strategy 199
IA Design Samples 200
6.2 Introduction to Taxonomy and Metadata 202
Advantages of Taxonomy and Metadata 203
Business Drivers for Taxonomy and Metadata 204
Taxonomy and Metadata Best Practices 204
Types of Metadata 205
Metadata Hierarchy Modeling 205
6.3 Metadata Usage in Relevant Content Discovery 208
6.4 Integration of Metadata with CMS 208
6.5 Metadata Standards and Formats 210
Dublin Core 210
Simple Knowledge Organization System 211
6.6 Case Study: Content Metadata to Increase Search Effectiveness 212
Internal Search 213
External Search 214
6.7 Other Utilities of Content Metadata 214
Metadata-Based Content Categorization 214
Marketing and Sales Support 214
Metadata-Driven Content Personalization 214
Metadata-Based Page Customization 215
Content Metadata for Navigation 215
Analytics Metadata 215
Content Metadata for Workflow 215
Using Metadata for Reusing Content Chunks 215
Security Metadata 216
6.8 Taxonomy Governance 216
Social Tagging 217
6.9 Chapter Summary 217
Part 2 Advanced Content Management
7 Content Integration and Content Standards 221
7.1 Content Integration Requirements 221
7.2 CMS Integration View 222
Enterprise CMS: The Big Picture 223
7.3 CMS Integrations 225
Security Integration 225
Translation System Integration 226
Search Engine Integration 228
Content Services Integration 229
Portal Integration 231
Presentation Engine Integration 232
Metadata Management System (MMS) Integration 232
Feed Integration 233
Digital Asset Management (DAM) Integration 233
JCR-Based Integration 234
7.4 CMIS-Based Integration 235
When can we use CMIS-based integration? 236
JCR and CMIS 236
7.5 CMS Integration with Other Systems 237
7.6 Content Standards 237
Html/xhtml 239
XML (Extensible Markup Language) 239
DITA (Darwin Information Typing Architecture) 242
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) 244
SCORM (Sharable Content Object Reference Model) 244
Feed Formats: RSS/ATOM 246
Web Service Standards: SOAP and REST 247
7.7 Chapter Summary 250
8 Digital Asset Management and Document Management 253
8.1 Digital Asset Management (DAM) 254
DAM Definition 254
DAM Objectives and Trends 254
Need for DAM 255
DAM Business Scenarios 256
Architecting an Enterprise DAM System 257
DAM Challenges and Best Practices 261
8.2 Document Management 263
Capabilities of Document Management System 263
Document Management Elements and Functions 265
Document Management Evolution and Road Map 266
Case Study: Document Management Solution for a Banking Portal 266
8.3 Chapter Summary 270
9 Content Migration 272
9.1 Content Migration 272
Content Migration Drivers 272
Content Migration Principles 273
Migration Design Considerations 275
Migration Challenges and Best Practices 276
Migration Checklist 279
Migration Approach 279
Content Migration Examples 284
Migration Governance 287
Migration Automation 288
Cutover Plan 290
Migration Case Study: JCR-Based Custom Migration Script 291
9.2 Chapter Summary 295
10 Content Governance: Validation, Analytics, KPIs, SEO, and Evaluation 297
10.1 Content Validation 298
Content-Testing Checklist 300
10.2 Content Analytics and KPIs 304
Content Analytics 304
Content KPIs 310
10.3 Content SEO 312
Content SEO Strategy 312
Content SEO Best Practices 313
10.4 CMS Evaluation Framework 315
Business Considerations for Selecting a CMS Product 315
Evaluation Framework 317
10.5 Appendix: WCMS Features 322
10.6 Chapter Summary 325
11 Content Security 327
11.1 Content Security Vulnerabilities and Mitigation Steps 327
Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) 328
SQL Injection Attacks 329
Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) 330
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) 331
Clickjacking 332
11.2 Generic Content Security Scenarios 333
Authentication and Authorization 333
Single Sign-on (SSO) 334
Permission Model Using Roles and Permissions 334
11.3 Security Testing 337
Core Security Testing 337
Security Code Reviews 337
Penetration Testing 338
11.4 Security Best Practices 339
Adopt Multi-Layer Security 339
Robust Account Management 340
Proactive Scanning and Vulnerability Assessment 340
CMS Patching and Upgrades 340
Transport-Level Security 341
CMS Hardening 341
Security Logging and Auditing 342
Content Archival and Backup 342
Content Classification 342
Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity 342
Restricted File Permissions 343
Security Monitoring 343
Iterative Security Testing 343
Error Handling and Resource Handling 343
Security Governance 344
Web Application Firewall (WAF) and Security Plugins 344
Hosted Content Systems 344
11.5 Case Study: Security Testing for a CMS Application 344
Application Background 344
Security Testing Details 345
Security Vulnerabilities and Remediation Measures 345
Application Retesting 350
11.6 Chapter Summary 350
12 Content Infrastructure and Performance Optimization 352
12.1 CMS Infrastructure Architecture 352
Infrastructure Sizing 353
Basic Concepts of CMS Deployment Architecture 354
CMS Deployment Setup 355
Disaster Recovery Setup 357
12.2 Content Performance Optimization 358
Optimal Content Design 358
Optimal Page Design 358
Optimized Publishing Workflows 360
Database-Level Performance Optimizations 360
Content Caching Design 360
Monitoring and Notification Setup 360
Proactive Identification of Memory Leaks 361
CMS-Level Performance Optimizations 361
Logging 362
CMS Caching 362
Search-Engine-Level Performance Optimization 362
Infrastructure-Level Performance Optimization 362
12.3 Content Performance Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) 364
Collecting Content Performance KPIs 364
Content Performance KPIs 364
12.4 Content Performance Validation 365
12.5 Content-Related Best Practices 366
Content Best Practices 366
Content Best Practices Checklist 367
CMS Best Practices 370
12.6 Chapter Summary 373
Part 3 Enterprise Search Technologies
13 Introduction to Enterprise Search 377
13.1 Introduction to Enterprise Search 378
Business Drivers 378
Technology Drivers 380
Challenges of Enterprise Search 381
Generic Best Practices of Enterprise Search 382
13.2 Enterprise Search Overview 383
Enterprise Search Architecture Layers 383
Web Search vs. Enterprise Search 384
Search-Related Trends 386
Search Evolution 388
Key Value Proposition of Enterprise Search 389
13.3 Enterprise Search capabilities 389
13.4 Enterprise Search Features 392
Basic Search Features 392
Advanced Search Features 393
Features in Apache Solr and ElasticSearch 396
13.5 Chapter Summary 397
14 Advanced Enterprise Search 398
14.1 Federated Search 398
Features of Federated Search 399
Sample Federated Search Architecture 399
Common Challenges with Federated Search 400
Enterprise Search through Intermediate Aggregation Repository (Alternative to Federated Search) 402
14.2 Advanced Search Features 403
Relevancy Rank Adjustment and Rank Boosting 403
Personalized Search 404
Alternative Search Suggestion 405
Secured Search 405
14.3 Enterprise Semantic Search 409
Key Elements of Semantic Search 410
Enterprise Semantic Search Architecture 411
Enterprise Semantic Search Process 411
Semantic Search Capabilities in Apache Solr 412
14.4 People Search and Social Search 412
Challenges in People Search 413
People Search Design 413
Sample People Search in Apache Solr 414
Social Search 414
14.5 Mobile Search 415
14.6 Big Data Search 415
Apache Solr Integration with Apache Hadoop 416
14.7 Search Engine Optimization (SEO) 417
Page-Level SEO Tags 417
SEO Strategy 419
SEO Best Practices 420
SEO Anti-Patterns 421
14.8 Case Study: Information Management Portal Driven by Apache Solr 422
Background and Context 422
Information Management Portal Solution Components 422
14.9 Chapter Summary 424
Further Reading 427
Index 429
