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A COMPANION TO THE ACHAEMENID PERSIAN EMPIRE A comprehensive review of the political, cultural, social, economic and religious history of the Achaemenid Empire
Often called the first world empire, the Achaemenid Empire is rooted in older Near Eastern traditions. A Companion to the Achaemenid Persian Empire offers a perspective in which the history of the empire is embedded in the preceding and subsequent epochs. In this way, the traditions that shaped the Achaemenid Empire become as visible as the powerful impact it had on further historical development. But the work does not only break new ground in this respect, but also in the fact that, in addition to written testimonies of all kinds, it also considers material tradition as an equal factor in historical reconstruction. This comprehensive two-volume set features contributions by internationally-recognized experts that offer balanced coverage of the whole of the empire from Anatolia and Egypt across western Asia to northern India and Central Asia.
Comprehensive in scope, the Companion provides readers with a panoramic view of the diversity, richness, and complexity of the Achaemenid Empire, dealing with all the many aspects of history, event history, administration, economy, society, communication, art, science and religion, illustrating the multifaceted nature of the first true empire.
A unique historical account presented in its multiregional dimensions, this important resource
deals with many aspects of history, administration, economy, society, communication, art, science and religion
it deals with topics that have only recently attracted interest such as court life, leisure activities, gender roles, and more
examines a variety of available sources to consider those predecessors who influenced Achaemenid structure, ideology, and self-expression
contains the study of Nachleben and the history of perception up to the present day
offers a spectrum of opinions in disputed fields of research, such as the interpretation of the imagery of Achaemenid art, or questions of religion
includes extensive bibliographies in each chapter for use as starting points for further research
devotes special interest to the east of the empire, which is often neglected in comparison to the western territories
Part of the acclaimed Blackwell Companions to the Ancient World series, A Companion to the Achaemenid Persian Empire is an indispensable work for students, instructors, and scholars of Persian and ancient world history, particularly the First Persian Empire.
Contents
Notes on Contributors xii
Section I Introduction 1
Bruno Jacobs and Robert Rollinger
Section II Geography and Demography
1 Geography and Climate 13
Daniel T. Potts
2 Demoscopy and Demography 27
Josef Wiesehöfer
3 Peoples and Languages 39
Jan Tavernier
4 Languages and Script 53
Adriano V. Rossi
5 Onomastics 61
Rüdiger Schmitt
Section III Sources
A Written Sources
6 The Inscriptions of the Achaemenids 75
Adriano V. Rossi
7 Elamite Sources 87
Matthew W. Stolper
8 Babylonian Sources 101
Michael Jursa
9 Aramaic Sources 117
Holger Gzella
10 Biblical Sources 133
Reinhard G. Kratz
11 Phoenician Sources 149
Josette Elayi
12 Egyptian Sources 155
Günter Vittmann
13 Lydian, Carian, and Lycian Sources 163
Ivo Hajnal
14 Greek and Latin Sources 169
Reinhold Bichler and Robert Rollinger
B Archeological Sources
15 Persia (including Khūzestān) 189
Rémy Boucharlat
16 Media 213
Bruno Jacobs and David Stronach
17 Babylonia and Assyria 221
Walter Kuntner and Sandra Heinsch
18 Syria 233
Astrid Nunn
19 Cyprus 245
Anna Cannavò
20 Egypt 259
Melanie Wasmuth
21 Asia Minor 277
Deniz Kaptan
22 Caucasus Region 297
Florian S. Knauss
23 The Empire's Northeast 311
Claude Rapin
24 The Empire's Southeast 325
Rémy Boucharlat
Section IV History
A Predecessors of the Persian Empire and Its Rise
25 The Median Dilemma 337
Robert Rollinger
26 Urartu 351
Mirjo Salvini
27 From Assurbanipal to Cambyses 365
Robert Rollinger
28 Elamite Traditions 389
Javier Álvarez-Mon
29 The Great Conquests 403
Amélie Kuhrt
B From Gaumāta to Alexander
30 Imperial Crisis 417
Gundula Schwinghammer
31 The Establishment of the Achaemenid Empire: Darius I, Xerxes I, and Artaxerxes I 429
Robert Rollinger and Julian Degen
32 From Darius II to Darius III 457
Carsten Binder
33 The Conquest by Alexander 473
Krzysztof Nawotka
C Under Persian Rule
34 Pārsa and Ūja 485
Ali Mousavi and Touraj Daryaee
35 Media 495
Bruno Jacobs
36 Babylon 503
Robert Rollinger
37 The Persian Gulf 519
Daniel T. Potts
38 The Arabian World 529
David F. Graf and Arnulf Hausleiter
39 Egypt 553
Joachim F. Quack
40 Nubia 567
Angelika Lohwasser
41 The Cyrenaica 575
André Heller
42 The Levant 583
Oskar Kaelin
43 Asia Minor 595
Elspeth R.M. Dusinberre
44 Cyprus and the Mediterranean 613
Andreas Mehl
45 The Greek World 623
Mischa Meier
46 Macedonia 639
Michael Zahrnt
47 Thrace 649
Dilyana Boteva-Boyanova
48 The Northern Black Sea 657
Gocha R. Tsetskhladze
49 The Caucasus Region 671
Wolfgang Messerschmidt
50 The Nomads of the Steppes 681
Bruno Jacobs and Birgit Gufler
51 The Iranian East 695
Sören Stark
52 India 711
Kai Ruffing
Section V Structures and Communication
53 Roads and Communication 719
Wouter F.M. Henkelman and Bruno Jacobs
54 The Interplay of Languages and Communication 737
Jean-Jacques Glassner
55 Achaemenid Art - Art in the Achaemenid Empire 749
Bruno Jacobs
56 Seals and Sealing 769
Mark B. Garrison
57 Royal Coinage 793
Matthias Hoernes
58 Empire, Borders, and Ideology 815
Robert Rollinger
