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Full Description
Horticultural Reviews presents state-of-the-art reviews on topics in horticultural science and technology covering both basic and applied research. Topics covered include the horticulture of fruits, vegetables, nut crops, and ornamentals. These review articles, written by world authorities, bridge the gap between the specialized researcher and the broader community of horticultural scientists and teachers.
Contents
Contributors ix Dedication: Chad E. Finn xii
John R. Clark
1. Light-Emitting Diodes in Horticulture 1
Cary A. Mitchell, Michael P. Dzakovich, Celina Gomez, Roberto Lopez, John F. Burr, Richardo Hernández, Chieri Kubota, Christopher J. Currey, Quingwu Meng, Erik S. Runkle, Christopher M. Bourget, Robert C. Morrow, and Arend J. Both
I. Introduction 5
II. Properties of LEDs 6
III. Design Considerations 11
IV. Historical Overview of LED Use in Horticulture 16
V. Summary of Plant Experiments in Space with LEDs 18
VI. Horticultural Applications of LEDs 19
VII. LED Lighting and Plant Health 60
VIII. LEDs and Light Pollution 62
IX. LED Light Distribution Issues 63
X. LED Environmental and Health Issues 65
XI. Adoption of LED Technology by Horticultural Industries 66
XII. The Future of Plant Applications for LEDs 72
Literature Cited 73
2. Chayote: Pre-Columbian Origins and Dispersal 89
Fernando A. Moreira
I. Introduction 91
II. Botany and Horticulture 91
III. Linguistic History of Chayote 97
IV. Metaphor and Ethnography 120
V. Mesoamerican Distribution of Chayote 124
VI. Archaeology and Iconography 127
VII. Folk Taxonomy 131
VIII. Conclusion 135
Acknowledgments 137
Literature Cited 137
3. Ragwort: Invasive Weed and Potential Pharmaceutical 145
Catherina M. O'Keeffe, Gary W. Stutte, and Michelle McKeon-Bennett
I. Introduction 146
II. Botany 148
III. Chemistry 155
IV. Control Measures 163
V. Commercial Potential 168
VI. Conclusions 172
Literature Cited 174
4. Advances and Trends in Organic Fruit and Vegetable Farming Research 185
Martine Dorais and Beatrix Alsanius
I. Principles, History, and Standards of Organic Horticulture 187
II. Global Expansion of Organic Fruit and Vegetable Production 190
III. Published Research on Organic Fruit and Vegetable Farming 194
IV. Benefits of Organic Horticulture 197
V. Constraint of Organic Horticulture 214
VI. Proposed Research Area for Organic Fruit and Vegetable Production 233
VII. Conclusion 238
Literature Cited 239
5. Western Botanical Gardens: History and Evolution 269
Donald A. Rakow and Sharon A. Lee
I. Introduction 271
II. Ancient Roots 272
III. Hortus Conclusus: Precursor of the Hortus Botanicus 274
IV. The Rise of Botanical Studies 276
V. European Botanical Gardens 277
VI. Botanical Gardens in Great Britain 285
VII. Botanical Gardens in the United States 292
VIII. The Future of the Botanical Garden 306
Literature Cited 308
6. The Future of Global Banana Production 311
Randy C. Ploetz and Edward A. Evans
I. Introduction 312
II. Origins, Taxonomy, and Production 313
III. Production, Trade, and Marketing 315
IV. Past and Current Threats to Production 320
V. Banana Diseases and Pests 321
VI. An Outlook for Future Production 341
Literature Cited 343
Subject Index 353
Cumulative Subject Index 355
Cumulative Contributor Index 389
