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Full Description
The ultimate reference and tutorial for AutoCAD software This Autodesk Official Press book employs concise explanations, focused examples, step-by-step instructions, and hands-on projects to help you master both AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT. This detailed guide works well as both a tutorial and stand-alone reference, and is the perfect resource regardless of your level of expertise.Part I introduces the basics of the interface and drafting toolsPart II moves into such intermediate skills as effectively using hatches, fields, and tablesPart III details such advanced skills as attributes, dynamic blocks, drawing curves and solid fillsPart IV explores 3D modeling and imagingPart V discusses customization and integrationThe supporting website includes all the project files necessary for the tutorials as well as video tutorials and other bonus content.
Contents
Introduction xxv Part 1 ? The Basics 1Chapter 1 ? Exploring the Interface 3Taking a Guided Tour 3Launching AutoCAD 4The AutoCAD Window 5Using the Application Menu 7Using the Ribbon 9Picking Points in the Drawing Area 13Using the UCS Icon 14Working in the Command Window 14Working with AutoCAD 15Opening an Existing File 15Getting a Closer Look 17Saving a File as You Work 20Making Changes 21Working with Multiple Files 21Adding a Predrawn Symbol with the Tool Palettes 25The Bottom Line 26Chapter 2 ? Creating Your First Drawing 27Getting to Know the Home Tab?s Draw and Modify Panels27Starting Your First Drawing 30Specifying Exact Distances with Coordinates 34Specifying Polar Coordinates 36Specifying Relative Cartesian Coordinates 37Interpreting the Cursor Modes and UnderstandingPrompts 39Understanding Cursor Modes 39Choosing Command Options 41Selecting Objects 45Selecting Objects in AutoCAD 46Providing Base Points 49Using Noun/Verb Selection 52Editing with Grips 57Stretching Lines by Using Grips 58Moving and Rotating with Grips 60Understanding Dynamic Input 62Displaying Data in a Text Window 66Displaying the Properties of an Object 68Getting Help 71Using the InfoCenter 71Finding Additional Sources of Help 72The Bottom Line 72Chapter 3 ? Setting Up and Using the Drafting Tools75Setting Up a Work Area 75Specifying Units 76Fine-Tuning the Measurement System 78Setting Up the Drawing Limits 79Looking at an Alternative to Limits 81Understanding Scale Factors 81Using Polar Tracking 82Setting the Polar Tracking Angle 84Exploring the Drawing Process 85Locating an Object in Reference to Others 86Getting a Closer Look 86Modifying an Object 87Planning and Laying Out a Drawing 91Making a Preliminary Sketch 92Using the Layout 94Erasing the Layout Lines 100Putting on the Finishing Touches 102Aligning Objects by Using Object Snap Tracking 104Using the AutoCAD Modes as Drafting Tools 109Using Grid Mode as a Background Grid 109Using Snap Modes 111The Bottom Line 113Chapter 4 ? Organizing Objects with Blocks and Groups115Creating and Using a Symbol 115Understanding the Block Definition Dialog Box 117Inserting a Symbol 120Scaling and Rotating Blocks 122Using an Existing Drawing as a Symbol 124Modifying a Block 127Unblocking and Redefining a Block 127Saving a Block as a Drawing File 129Replacing Existing Files with Blocks 130Understanding the Write Block Dialog Box Options 131Other Uses for Blocks 131Understanding the Annotation Scale 132Grouping Objects 135Modifying Members of a Group 137Ungrouping, Adding, and Subtracting from a Group 139Working with the Object Grouping Dialog Box 140Working with the AutoCAD LT Group Manager 142The Bottom Line 143Chapter 5 ? Keeping Track of Layers and Blocks145Organizing Information with Layers 145Creating and Assigning Layers 146Working on Layers 154Controlling Layer Visibility 158Finding the Layers You Want 159Taming an Unwieldy List of Layers 160Assigning Linetypes to Layers 167Adding a Linetype to a Drawing 168Controlling Lineweights 172Keeping Track of Blocks and Layers 173Getting a Text File List of Layers or Blocks 174The Bottom Line 175Part 2 ? Mastering Intermediate Skills 177Chapter 6 ? Editing and Reusing Data to WorkEfficiently 179Creating and Using Templates 180Creating a Template 180Using a Template 181Copying an Object Multiple Times 182Making Circular Copies 182Making Row and Column Copies 184Fine-Tuning Your View 186Finishing the Kitchenette 188Array along a Path 189Making Changes to an Associative Array 190Developing Your Drawing 194Importing Settings 194Using Osnap Tracking to Place Objects 197Finding an Exact Distance along a Curve 215Changing the Length of Objects 217Creating a New Drawing by Using Parts from AnotherDrawing 217Eliminating Unused Blocks, Layers, Linetypes, Shapes, Styles,and More 218The Bottom Line 221Chapter 7 ? Mastering Viewing Tools, Hatches, andExternal References 223Assembling the Parts 223Taking Control of the AutoCAD Display 226Understanding Regeneration and Redrawing 226Saving Views 227Understanding the Frozen Layer Option 231Using Hatch Patterns in Your Drawings 233Placing a Hatch Pattern in a Specific Area 233Adding Predefined Hatch Patterns 235Positioning Hatch Patterns Accurately 237Updating a Block from an External File 238Changing the Hatch Area 240Modifying a Hatch Pattern 241Understanding the Boundary Hatch Options 243Controlling Boundaries with the Boundaries Panel 244Fine-Tuning the Boundary Behavior 244Controlling Hatch Behavior with the Options Panel 245Controlling Hatch Default Layer, Layout Scale, and ISO LineWeight 246Using Additional Hatch Features 246Using Gradient Shading 248Tips for Using Hatch 249Space Planning and Hatch Patterns 249Using External References 253Attaching a Drawing as an External Reference 253Other Differences between External References and Blocks 257Other External Reference Options 258Clipping Xref Views and Improving Performance 260Editing Xrefs in Place 263Using the External Reference Tab 266Adding and Removing Objects from Blocks and Xrefs 266Understanding the Reference Edit Dialog Box Options 268The Bottom Line 270Chapter 8 ? Introducing Printing, Plotting, andLayouts 271Plotting the Plan 271Understanding the Plotter Settings 275Paper Size 276Drawing Orientation 276Plot Area 277Plot Scale 278Shaded Viewport Options 281Plot Offset 282Plot Options 283Exit Options 284WYSIWYG Plotting Using Layout Views 284Setting Plot Scale in the Layout Viewports 287Adding an Output Device 288Editing a Plotter Configuration 291Storing a Page Setup 293Plotter and Printer Hardware Considerations 295Understanding Your Plotter?s Limits 295Knowing Your Plotter?s Origins 298The Bottom Line 299Chapter 9 ? Adding Text to Drawings 301Preparing a Drawing for Text 301Organizing Text by Styles 302Getting Familiar with the Text and Annotation Scale ControlPanels 304Setting the Annotation Scale and Adding Text 304Inserting Text 305Exploring Text and Scale 306Understanding the Text Style Dialog Box Options 309Styles 309Set Current/New/Delete 309Font 309Size 309Effects 310Exploring Text Formatting in AutoCAD 311Adjusting the Text Height and Font 311Understanding the Text Editor Tab 313Adding Symbols and Special Characters 315Setting Indents and Tabs 317What Do the Fonts Look Like? 320Adding Simple Single-Line Text Objects 323Justifying Single-Line Text Objects 324Using Special Characters with Single-Line TextObjects 326Using the Check Spelling Feature 328How Check Spelling Works 328Choosing a Dictionary 329Substituting Fonts 330Finding and Replacing Text 331The Bottom Line 336Chapter 10 ? Using Fields and Tables 337Using Fields to Associate Text with DrawingProperties 337Adding Tables to Your Drawing 341Creating a Table 341Adding Cell Text 342Adjusting Table Text Orientation and Location 344Editing the Table Line Work 347Adding Formulas to Cells 349Using Formulas Directly in Cells 350Using Other Math Operations 351Importing and Exporting Tables 351Importing a Table 351Exporting Tables 353Creating Table Styles 354Adding or Modifying a Table Style 354The Table Style Options 356The Bottom Line 357Chapter 11 ? Using Dimensions 359Understanding the Components of a Dimension 359Creating a Dimension Style 360Setting Up the Primary Unit Style 363Setting the Height for Dimension Text 364Setting the Location and Orientation of Dimension Text 365Choosing an Arrow Style and Setting the Dimension Scale 365Setting Up Alternate Units 369Setting the Current Dimension Style 371Modifying a Dimension Style 371Drawing Linear Dimensions 372Understanding the Dimensions Panel 372Placing Horizontal and Vertical Dimensions 373Continuing a Dimension 374Drawing Dimensions from a Common Base Extension Line 375Adjusting the Distance between Dimensions 378Editing Dimensions 378Appending Data to Dimension Text 378Using Grips to Make Minor Adjustments to Dimensions 380Changing Style Settings of Individual Dimensions 382Editing Dimensions and Other Objects Together 384Associating Dimensions with Objects 386Adding a String of Dimensions with a Single Operation 388Adding or Removing the Alternate Dimensions 389Dimensioning Nonorthogonal Objects 389Dimensioning Nonorthogonal Linear Distances 390Dimensioning Radii, Diameters, and Arcs 391Skewing Dimension Lines 394Adding a Note with a Leader Arrow 395Creating Multileader Styles 396Editing Multileader Notes 399Breaking a Dimension Line for a Leader 399Applying Ordinate Dimensions 400Adding Tolerance Notation 401Inserting Tolerance and Datum Values 401Adding Inspection Dimensions 403The Bottom Line 403Part 3 ? Mastering Advanced Skills 405Chapter 12 ? Using Attributes 407Creating Attributes 408Adding Attributes to Blocks 408Copying and Editing Attribute Definitions 411Turning the Attribute Definitions into a Block 414Inserting Blocks Containing Attributes 415Editing Attributes 418Editing Attribute Values One at a Time 418Editing Attribute Text Formats and Properties 419Making Global Changes to Attribute Values 421Making Invisible Attributes Visible 422Making Global Format and Property Changes toAttributes 423Other Block Attribute Manager Options 424Redefining Blocks Containing Attributes 425Extracting and Exporting Attribute Information 426Performing the Extraction 426Extracting Attribute Data to an AutoCAD Table 432The Bottom Line 433Chapter 13 ? Copying Existing Drawings from OtherSources 435Methods for Converting Paper Drawings to AutoCAD Files 435Importing a Raster Image 436Working with a Raster Image 438Scaling a Raster Image 439Controlling Object Visibility and Overlap with RasterImages 440Clipping a Raster Image 442Adjusting Brightness, Contrast, and Fade 444Turning Off the Frame, Adjusting Overall Quality, andControlling Transparency 445Working with PDF Files 448Importing a PDF 448Scaling and Osnaps with PDFs 449Controlling the PDF Display 451Coordinating Geographic Locations 453Making Adjustments to the Map 457Finding Measurements and Distances 458The Bottom Line 459Chapter 14 ? Advanced Editing andOrganizing 461Using External References 461Preparing Existing Drawings for External Referencing 462Assembling Xrefs to Build a Drawing 464Updating Blocks in Xrefs 467Importing Named Elements from Xrefs 470Controlling the Xref Search Path 472Managing Layers 473Saving and Recalling Layer Settings 473Other Tools for Managing Layers 477Using Advanced Tools: Filter and Quick Select 479Filtering Selections 479Using Quick Select 483Using the QuickCalc Calculator 486Adding Foot and Inch Lengths and Finding the Sum ofAngles 487Converting Units with QuickCalc 490Using QuickCalc to Find Points 491Finding Fractional Distances between Two Points 494Using QuickCalc While in the Middle of a Command 496Storing Expressions and Values 498Guidelines for Working with QuickCalc 499The Bottom Line 502Chapter 15 ? Laying Out Your Printer Output 505Understanding Model Space and Paper Space 505Switching from Model Space to Paper Space 506Setting the Size of a Paper Space Layout 508Creating New Paper Space Viewports 509Reaching Inside Viewports 511Working with Paper Space Viewports 513Scaling Views in Paper Space 514Setting Layers in Individual Viewports 516Creating and Using Multiple Paper Space Layouts 519Creating Odd-Shaped Viewports 520Understanding Lineweights, Linetypes, and Dimensions in PaperSpace 523Controlling and Viewing Lineweights in Paper Space 523The Lineweight Settings Dialog Box 525Linetype Scales and Paper Space 526Dimensioning in Paper Space Layouts 526Other Uses for Paper Space 529The Bottom Line 530Chapter 16 ? Making ?Smart? Drawings withParametric Tools 531Why Use Parametric Drawing Tools? 531Connecting Objects with Geometric Constraints 533Using AutoConstrain to Add ConstraintsAutomatically 533Editing a Drawing Containing Constraints 534Using Other Geometric Constraints 538Using Constraints in the Drawing Process 539Controlling Sizes with Dimensional Constraints 539Adding a Dimensional Constraint 540Editing a Dimensional Constraint 541Using Formulas to Control and Link Dimensions 543Adding a Formula Parameter 543Testing the Formula 545Using Other Formulas 546Editing the Constraint Options 547Putting Constraints to Use 549The Bottom Line 550Chapter 17 ? Using Dynamic Blocks 551Exploring the Block Editor 551Opening the Block Editor 552Editing a Block and Creating New Blocks 553Creating a Dynamic Block 554Adding a Parameter 555Adding an Action 556Adding an Increment Value 558Editing Parameters and Actions 560Keeping an Object Centered 560Using Constraints in Dynamic Blocks 561Adding a List of Predefined Options 566Creating Multiple Shapes in One Block 569Rotating Objects in Unison 574Filling in a Space Automatically with Objects 578Including Block Information with Data Extraction 580The Bottom Line 582Chapter 18 ? Drawing Curves 583Introducing Polylines 583Drawing a Polyline 583Setting Polyline Options 585Editing Polylines 586Setting Pedit Options 589Smoothing Polylines 590Editing Vertices 591Creating a Polyline Spline Curve 600Using True Spline Curves 603Drawing a True Spline 603Understanding the Spline Options 605Fine-Tuning Spline Curves 606Marking Divisions on Curves 608Dividing Objects into Segments of Equal Length 609Dividing Objects into Specified Lengths 611The Bottom Line 612Chapter 19 ? Getting and Exchanging Data from Drawings615Finding the Area of Closed Boundaries 615Finding the Area of an Object 615Using Hatch Patterns to Find Areas 617Adding and Subtracting Areas with the Area Command 619Getting General Information 622Determining the Drawing?s Status 622Keeping Track of Time 624Getting Information from System Variables 625Keeping a Log of Your Activity 625Capturing and Saving Text Data from the AutoCAD TextWindow 626Storing Searchable Information in AutoCAD Files 627Searching for AutoCAD Files 629Recovering Corrupted Files 629Using the DXF File Format to Exchange CAD Data with OtherPrograms 630Exporting DXF Files 630Opening or Importing DXF Files 631Using AutoCAD Drawings in Page Layout Programs 632Exporting Raster Files 633Exporting Vector Files 637Using OLE to Import Data 638Editing OLE Links 641Importing Worksheets as AutoCAD Tables 641Understanding Options for Embedding Data 643Using the Clipboard to Export AutoCAD Drawings 644The Bottom Line 644Part 4 ? 3D Modeling and Imaging 647Chapter 20 ? Creating 3D Drawings 649Getting to Know the 3D Modeling Workspace 649Drawing in 3D Using Solids 651Adjusting Appearances 652Creating a 3D Box 653Editing 3D Solids with Grips 654Constraining Motion with the Gizmo 654Rotating Objects in 3D Using Dynamic UCS 656Drawing on a 3D Object?s Surface 659Pushing and Pulling Shapes from a Solid 660Making Changes to Your Solid 662Creating 3D Forms from 2D Shapes 665Isolating Coordinates with Point Filters 669Moving around Your Model 672Finding Isometric and Orthogonal Views 672Rotating Freely around Your Model 673Changing Your View Direction 674Using SteeringWheels 676Changing Where You Are Looking 678Flying through Your View 678Changing from Perspective to Parallel Projection 679Getting a Visual Effect 680Using Visual Styles 680Creating a Sketched Look with Visual Styles 681In-Canvas Viewport Controls 683Turning a 3D View into a 2D AutoCAD Drawing 684Using the Point Cloud Feature 686The Bottom Line 687Chapter 21 ? Using Advanced 3D Features 689Setting Up AutoCAD for This Chapter 689Mastering the User Coordinate System 690Defining a UCS 691Saving a UCS 694Working in a UCS 694Building 3D Parts in Separate Files 696Understanding the UCS Options 698UCS Based on Object Orientation 698UCS Based on Offset Orientation 700UCS Rotated around an Axis 701Orienting a UCS in the View Plane 703Manipulating the UCS Icon 703Saving a UCS with a View 704Using Viewports to Aid in 3D Drawing 705Using the Array Tools 709Making Changes to an Associative Array 710Creating Complex 3D Surfaces 710Laying Out a 3D Form 711Spherical and Cylindrical Coordinate Formats 712Using a 3D Polyline 712Creating a Curved 3D Surface 714Converting the Surface into a Solid 718Shaping the Solid 719Finding the Interference between Two Solids 720Creating Tubes with the Sweep Tool 723Using Sweep to Create Complex Forms 725Creating Spiral Forms 728Creating Surface Models 730Slicing a Solid with a Surface 732Finding the Volume of a Cut 733Understanding the Loft Command 735Moving Objects in 3D Space 739Aligning Objects in 3D Space 739Moving an Object in 3D 740Rotating an Object in 3D 741The Bottom Line 743Chapter 22 ? Editing and Visualizing 3DSolids 745Understanding Solid Modeling 745Creating Solid Forms 748Joining Primitives 748Cutting Portions out of a Solid 750Creating Complex Solids 752Tapering an Extrusion 752Sweeping a Shape on a Curved Path 754Revolving a Polyline 755Editing Solids 758Splitting a Solid into Two Pieces 758Rounding Corners with the Fillet Tool 760Chamfering Corners with the Chamfer Tool 761Using the Solid-Editing Tools 762Streamlining the 2D Drawing Process 771Drawing Standard Top, Front, and Right-Side Views 771Creating 2D Drawings with the Base View Command 773Adding Dimensions and Notes in a Layout 778Using Visual Styles with a Viewport 779Visualizing Solids 781The Bottom Line 790Chapter 23 ? Exploring 3D Mesh and Surface Modeling791Creating a Simple 3D Mesh 791Creating a Mesh Primitive 792Understanding the Parts of a Mesh 793Smoothing a Mesh 794Editing Faces and Edges 794Stretching Faces 796Moving an Edge 799Adding More Faces 802Rotating an Edge 805Adding a Crease 806Splitting and Extruding a Mesh Face 808Creating Mesh Surfaces 811Revolved Surface 811Edge Surface 813Ruled Surface 813Tabulated Surface 814Converting Meshes to Solids 815Understanding 3D Surfaces 816Editing Surfaces 818Using Extrude, Surface Trim, and Surface Fillet 819Using Surface Blend, Patch, and Offset 822Understanding Associativity 825Editing with Control Vertices 829Editing with the CV Edit Bar 832Making Holes in a Surface with the Project Geometry Panel834Visualizing Curvature: Understanding the AnalysisPanel 835The Bottom Line 837Part 5 ? Customization and Integration 839Chapter 24 ? Customizing Toolbars, Menus, Linetypes,and Hatch Patterns 841Using Workspaces 841Customizing the User Interface 843Taking a Quick Customization Tour 843Understanding the Customizations In All Files Panel 847Getting the Overall View 848Finding Commands in the Command List 851Opening Preview, Button Image, and Shortcuts 852Getting to the Core of Customization in the Properties Group852Creating Your Own Ribbon Panels and Menus 853Customizing Ribbon Panel Tools 855Creating Macros in Tools and Menus 858Pausing for User Input 859Opening an Expanded Text Box for the Macro Option 859Editing Keyboard Shortcuts 861Saving, Loading, and Unloading Your Customizations 864Understanding the Diesel Macro Language 867Using Diesel at the Command Line 867Using Diesel in a Custom Menu Macro 868Using Diesel as a Menu Bar Option Label 869Using Diesel and Fields to Generate Text 872Creating Custom Linetypes 873Viewing Available Linetypes 873Creating a New Linetype 874Understanding the Linetype Code 875Creating Complex Linetypes 876Creating Hatch Patterns 879The Bottom Line 881Chapter 25 ? Managing and Sharing Your Drawings 883Sharing Drawings Online 883Sharing Project Files with eTransmit 884Protecting AutoCAD Drawing Files 888ePublishing Your Drawings 892Exchanging Drawing Sets 893Exploring Other Publish Options 895Creating a DWF File by Using the Plot Dialog Box 897Sharing Files with Autodesk 360 899Getting Started with Autodesk 360 899Sharing Files 901Editing Drawings Online 903Controlling File Access 904Tracking File Versions 906Collaborating with Others Using Design Feed 906Adding Hyperlinks to Drawings 908Creating Hyperlinks 908Editing and Deleting Hyperlinks 910Taking a Closer Look at the Hyperlink Options 910Managing Your Drawings with DesignCenter and the Tool Palettes911Getting Familiar with DesignCenter 912Opening and Inserting Files with DesignCenter 915Finding and Extracting the Contents of a Drawing 916Exchanging Data between Open Files 919Loading Specific Files into DesignCenter 920Customizing the Tool Palettes with DesignCenter 920Searching Your Drawing Library with Content Explorer 925Indexing Your Files 925Searching Your Files 926Controlling Content Explorer?s Display 926Adding Network Resources 928Establishing Office Standards 929Establishing Layering and Text Conventions 929Checking Office Standards 930Converting Multiple Layer Settings 935Exploring Other Layer Translator Options 936The Bottom Line 938Appendices 939Appendix A ? The Bottom Line 941Chapter 1: Exploring the Interface 941Chapter 2: Creating Your First Drawing 942Chapter 3: Setting Up and Using the Drafting Tools 943Chapter 4: Organizing Objects with Blocks and Groups 943Chapter 5: Keeping Track of Layers and Blocks 944Chapter 6: Editing and Reusing Data to Work Efficiently 945Chapter 7: Mastering Viewing Tools, Hatches, and ExternalReferences 945Chapter 8: Introducing Printing, Plotting, andLayouts 946Chapter 9: Adding Text to Drawings 947Chapter 10: Using Fields and Tables 948Chapter 11: Using Dimensions 949Chapter 12: Using Attributes 950Chapter 13: Copying Existing Drawings from Other Sources 950Chapter 14: Advanced Editing and Organizing 951Chapter 15: Laying Out Your Printer Output 952Chapter 16: Making ?Smart? Drawings with ParametricTools 953Chapter 17: Using Dynamic Blocks 954Chapter 18: Drawing Curves 955Chapter 19: Getting and Exchanging Data fromDrawings 956Chapter 20: Creating 3D Drawings 957Chapter 21: Using Advanced 3D Features 958Chapter 22: Editing and Visualizing 3D Solids 959Chapter 23: Exploring 3D Mesh and Surface Modeling 960Chapter 24: Customizing Toolbars, Menus, Linetypes, and HatchPatterns 961Chapter 25: Managing and Sharing Your Drawings 962Appendix B ? Installing and Setting Up AutoCAD965Before Installing AutoCAD 965Proceeding with the Installation 965Configuring AutoCAD 966The Files Tab 966The Display Tab 969The Open And Save Tab 972The Plot and Publish Tab 975The System Tab 975The User Preferences Tab 977The Drafting Tab 980The 3D Modeling Tab 981The Selection Tab 985The Profiles Tab 988The Online Tab 989Configuring the Tablet Menu Area 990Turning On the Noun/Verb Selection Method 991Turning On the Grips Feature 991Setting Up the Tracking Vector Feature 991Adjusting the AutoCAD 3D Graphics System 992Finding Folders That Contain AutoCAD Files 992Setting Up AutoCAD with a White Background 993Appendix C ? The Autodesk AutoCAD 2015 Certification995Index 1001
