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Full Description
This book examines the current state of the art, new challenges, opportunities, and applications of IPNs. With contributions from experts across the globe, this survey is an outstanding resource reference for anyone involved in the field of polymer materials design for advanced technologies.
• Comprehensively summarizes many of the recent technical research accomplishments in the area of micro and nanostructured Interpenetrating Polymer Networks
• Discusses various aspects of synthesis, characterization, structure, morphology, modelling, properties, and applications of IPNs
• Describes how nano-structured IPNs correlate their multiscale structure to their properties and morphologies
• Serves as a one-stop reference resource for important research accomplishments in the area of IPNs and nano-structured polymer systems
• Includes chapters from leading researchers in the IPN field from industry, academy, government and private research institutions
Contents
List of Contributors xiii
1 Micro- and Nano-structured Interpenetrating Polymer Networks: State of the Art, New Challenges, and Opportunities 1
Jose James, George V. Thomas, Akhina H. and Sabu Thomas
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Types of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 2
1.3 Synthesis of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 5
1.4 Characterization of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 8
1.5 Applications of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 23
1.6 Future Trends 23
Acknowledgement 25
References 25
2 Miscibility, Morphology, and Phase Behavior of IPNs 29
Xuemei Wu, Gaohong He, Xiaoming Yan, Xiangcun Li, Wu Xiao and Xiaobin Jiang
2.1 Introduction 29
2.2 Miscibility of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 30
2.3 Phase Diagram 35
2.4 Morphology of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 43
Acknowledgments 62
References 62
3 Synthetic Rubber-Based IPNs 69
Qihua Wang, Shoubing Chen and Tingmei Wang
3.1 Introduction 69
3.2 Synthetic Rubber-Based IPNs 71
3.3 Summary and Conclusions 101
Acknowledgments 102
References 102
4 Micro- and Nanostructured IPNs Based on Thermosetting Resins 109
Sanja Marinović, Ivanka Popović and Branko Dunjić
4.1 Introduction 109
4.2 Experimental Details 110
4.3 Influence of HBP(A) Contents in IPNs on IPN Mechanical Properties 115
4.4 Influence of Reactive Diluent in Interpenetrating Polymer Networks on their Properties 119
4.5 Conclusions 124
Acknowledgment 125
References 125
5 Macro-, Meso-, and Nanoporous Systems Designed from IPNs 127
Daniel Grande
5.1 Introduction 127
5.2 Porous Systems Derived from Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 130
5.3 (Nano)Porous Systems Derived from Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 135
5.4 Conclusions 139
Acknowledgments 140
References 140
6 Natural Rubber-Based Micro- and Nanostructured IPNs 145
Sa-Ad Riyajan
6.1 Introduction 145
6.2 Natural Rubber 146
6.3 Synthesis of Polymer IPN 148
6.4 Properties of IPN Made from NR and Plastics 155
6.5 Conclusions 174
Acknowledgments 174
References 174
7 The Synthesis and the Applications of IPNs Based on Smart Polymers 179
Guillermina Burillo, Emilio Bucio and Lorena Garcia-Uriostegui
7.1 Introduction 179
7.2 Stimuli-Responsive Polymers 180
7.3 Interpenetrating Polymer Networks and Semi-Interpenetrating Networks 181
7.4 The Synthesis and the Applications of Semi-Interpenetrating Networks and Interpenetrating Networks 181
7.5 Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 184
7.6 Interpenetrating Polymer Networks and Semi-Interpenetrating Networks Synthesized by Ionizing Radiation 186
7.7 Semi-Interpenetrating Networks and Interpenetrating Networks in the Heavy Ions Immobilization 188
7.8 The Novel Architectures of IPNs Developed by Ionizing Radiation Polymerization 189
7.9 Conclusions 192
Acknowledgments 192
References 193
8 Microscopy of IPNs 199
Rameshwar Adhikari
8.1 Introduction and Overview 199
8.2 Sample Preparation Techniques for Microscopic Analysis 200
8.3 Microscopy of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks: An Overview 202
8.4 Morphological Characterization of Polymer Networks 206
8.5 Concluding Notes 220
Acknowledgments 220
References 220
9 Viscoelastic Properties of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 229
Sudipta Goswami
9.1 Introduction 229
9.2 Viscoelastic Properties of Simultaneous IPNs 234
9.3 Viscoelastic Properties of Sequential IPNs 241
9.4 Overall Summary and Future Scope 252
9.5 Conclusion 255
References 256
10 Interpenetrating and Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Networks of Polyurethane 259
Chepuri R.K. Rao, Ramanuj Narayan and K.V.S.N. Raju
10.1 Introduction 259
References 278
11 Solid-State NMR and ESR Studies of IPNs 283
Srećko Valić, Mladen Andreis and Damir Klepac
11.1 Introduction 283
11.2 Theoretical Background 284
11.3 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks and Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 290
11.4 Electron Spin Resonance Studies of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks and Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 302
11.5 Conclusion 313
References 313
12 Diffusion, Transport, and Barrier Properties of IPNs 319
Runcy Wilson, S. Anil Kumar, Miran Mozetič, Uroš Cvelbar and Sabu Thomas
12.1 Introduction 319
12.2 Background of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 320
12.3 Transport Properties: Theoretical and Practical Aspects 321
12.4 Transport Mechanism 324
12.5 Sorption and Diffusion of Solvents 326
12.6 Gas Barrier Properties of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 331
12.7 Pervaporation Characteristics of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 332
12.8 Principles of Pervaporation 333
12.9 Vapor Sorption 334
12.10 Conclusion 335
12.11 Applications, Challenges, Difficulties, and Future Directions 335
References 336
13 Aging of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 341
Selvin P. Thomas and Mohammed N. Alghamdi
13.1 Introduction 341
13.2 Aging of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 342
13.3 Conclusion 361
References 362
14 Theoretical Modeling and Simulation of IPNs 365
Prathab Baskar
14.1 Introduction 365
14.2 Theoretical Simulations 366
14.3 Molecular Dynamics Methods and Theory 368
14.4 Molecular Dynamic Study of Surface/Interface Properties of Thermoplastic Apparent Interpenetrating Polymer Networks and Organic-Inorganic Composite Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 375
14.5 Conclusions 380
References 380
15 Applications of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 383
Radhika Raveendran and Chandra P. Sharma
15.1 Introduction 383
15.2 What are Interpenetrating Polymer Networks? 384
15.3 Properties of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 385
15.4 Applications of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks 385
15.5 Conclusion 393
References 394
Index 399
