社会ダーウィニズムの哲学 Social Darwinism (Elements in the Philosophy of Biology)

O'Connell, Jeffrey/ Ruse, Michael

Cambridge University Press（2021/04発売）

• 製本 Paperback:紙装版/ペーパーバック版／ページ数 75 p.
• 言語 ENG
• 商品コード 9781108793803
• DDC分類 303.4

Full Description

This Element is a philosophical history of Social Darwinism. It begins by discussing the meaning of the term, moving then to its origins, paying particular attention to whether it is Charles Darwin or Herbert Spencer who is the true father of the idea. It gives an exposition of early thinking on the subject, covering Darwin and Spencer themselves and then on to Social Darwinism as found in American thought, with special emphasis on Andrew Carnegie, and Germany with special emphasis on Friedrich von Bernhardi. Attention is also paid to outliers, notably the Englishman Alfred Russel Wallace, the Russian Peter Kropotkin, and the German Friedrich Nietzsche. From here we move into the twentieth century looking at Adolf Hitler - hardly a regular Social Darwinian given he did not believe in evolution - and in the Anglophone world, Julian Huxley and Edward O. Wilson, who reflected the concerns of their society.

Contents

Introduction; 1. Charles Darwin's Theory of Evolution; 2. Darwin on Morality; 3. Herbert Spencer; 4. Social Darwinism Triumphant; 5. Rejection; 6. Darwin and Spencer Redux; 7. Social Darwinism Deconstructed; 8. Alternative Philosophies; 9. Friedrich Nietzsche; 10. The Hitler Problem; 11. Scientific Responsibility; 12. Echoes of The Past; 13. And The World Said?.