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Full Description
The Positive Philosophy of Auguste Comte is a condensed English version of the French philosopher's controversial work, freely translated by Harriet Martineau and published in two volumes in 1853. Martineau's abridged and more easily digestible version of Comte's work was intended to be readily accessible to a wide general readership, particularly those she felt to be morally and intellectually adrift, and Comte's philosophy indeed attracted a significant following in Britain in the later nineteenth century. Comte's 'doctrine' promoted personal and public ethics and social cohesion based no longer on metaphysics but on strict scientific method, and anticipated twentieth-century logical positivism and secular humanism. Volume 1 covers mathematics and science, while Volume 2 presents Comte's new science of 'social physics' and outlines his theories about society and human progress.
Contents
Volume I: Introduction; 1. Account of the aim of this work - View of the nature and importance of the Positive Philosophy; 2. View of the hierarchy of the positive sciences; Part I. Mathematics: 1. Mathematics, abstract and concrete; 2. General view of mathematical analysis; 3. General view of geometry; 4. Rational mechanics; Part II. Astronomy: 1. General view; 2. Methods of study of astronomy; 3. Geometrical phenomena of the heavenly bodies; 4. Celestial statics; 5. Celestial dynamics; 6. Sidereal astronomy and cosmogony; Part III. Physics: 1. General view; 2. Barology; 3. Thermology; 4. Acoustics; 5. Optics; 6. Electrology; Part IV. Chemistry: 1. General view; 2. Inorganic Chemistry; 3. Doctrine of definite proportions; 4. The electro-chemical theory; 5. Organic chemistry; Part V. Biology: 1. General view of biology; 2. Anatomical philosophy; 3. Biotaxic philosophy; 4. Organic or vegetative life; 5. The animal life; 6. Intellectual and moral or cerebral functions; Volume II: Part VI. Social Physics: 1. Necessity and opportunities of this new science; 2. Principal philosophical attempts to constitute a social science; 3. Characteristics of the positive method in its application to social phenomena; 4. Relation of sociology to the other departments of positive philosophy; 5. Social statics, or theory of the spontaneous order of human society; 6. Social dynamics, or theory of the natural progress of human society; 7. Preparation of the historical question: First theological phase, fetichism - beginning of the theological and military system; 8. Second phase, polytheism - development of the theological and military system.; 9. Age of monotheism - modification of the theological and military system; 10. Metaphysical state, and critical period of modern society; 11. Rise of the elements of the positive state - preparation for social reorganisation; 12. Review of the revolutionary crisis - ascertainment of the final tendency of modern society; 13. Final estimate of the positive method; 14. Estimate of the results of positive doctrine in its preparatory stage; 15. Estimate of the final action of the positive philosophy.
