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Full Description
Among the contributions of the medieval church to western culture was the idea that marriage was one of the seven sacraments, which defined the role of married folk in the church. Although it had ancient roots, this new way of regarding marriage raised many problems, to which scholastic theologians applied all their ingenuity. By the late Middle Ages, the doctrine was fully established in Christian thought and practice but not yet as dogma. In the sixteenth century, with the entire Catholic teaching on marriage and celibacy and its associated law and jurisdiction under attack by the Protestant reformers, the Council of Trent defined the doctrine as a dogma of faith for the first time but made major changes to it. Rather than focusing on a particular aspect of intellectual and institutional developments, this book examines them in depth and in detail from their ancient precedents to the Council of Trent.
Contents
1. Marriage as a sacrament; Part I. Augustine: 2. Marriage in Augustine's writings; 3. Bonum prolis, bonum fidei: the utility of marriage; 4. Bonum sacramenti: the sanctity and insolubility of marriage; Part II. Getting Married: Consent, Betrothal, and Consummation: 5. Betrothal and consent; 6. Consummation; 7. From competing theories to common doctrine in the twelfth century; Part III. The Twelfth Century: Origins and Early Development of the Sacramental Theology of Marriage: 8. Introduction to the sentential literature on marriage; 9. The theology of marriage in the Sententiae; 10. Hugh of Saint-Victor; 11. The early doctrine of marriage as one of the sacraments; Part IV. The Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries: Development of the Classical Doctrine: 12. Marriage as union; 13. Scholastic sexual ethics; 14. Marriage as a sacrament; 15. The question of grace; 16. Human contract and divine sacrament; Part V. The Council of Trent: 17. On the eve of the General Council; 18. The Sacrament of marriage at Bologna and Trent; 19. Clandestine marriage: Bologna, 1547; 20. Clandestine marriage: Trent, 1563.
