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Full Description
The Art of Policymaking is the only book designed to provide students and practitioners with a detailed explanation of the specific tools, techniques, and processes used to create policy in the U.S., as well as the tools they need to understand them. The book includes practical advice on how to write memos, prepare polling questions, and navigate the clearance process. Case studies show how actual policies were developed and how and why policies and processes differed across administrations. And scenarios allow students to practice the tools and techniques they have learned by working through both domestic and foreign policy situations. Written by two experts in the field with experience in both academia and government, The Art of Policymaking is the perfect how-to guide for students and professionals.
Contents
Chapter 1: Why the Policymaking Process Matters
Preparing for the Unexpected
Situating the Tools, Techniques, and Processes in the Existing Literature
Promoting Presidential Leadership and Management Through the Policymaking Process
The Importance of Procedural Legitimacy in Building Policy Support
Conclusion
PART I. THE POLICYMAKERS
Chapter 2: The White House Policy Councils
The Policy Councils and the Structure of the Executive Branch
How the Policy Councils Operate and Why They Are Important
The White House Policy Councils
Key Agencies Within the Executive Office of the President
Conclusion
Chapter 3: The White House Staff
Working on the White House Staff
Key Players in the White House
Interaction With the Media
White House Gatekeepers
Conclusion
Chapter 4: Agencies and Policy Implementation
Executive Agencies and Departments and Executive Branch Policymaking
The Role of Agencies
Implementing Policy Decisions
Conclusion
Chapter 5: Policy Management
Policy Management and Procedural Legitimacy
Models of Policy Management
Policy Czars and War Rooms
Conclusion
PART II. TOOLS OF THE TRADE
Chapter 6: Policymaking Memoranda
Tools of the Trade
The Role of the Memorandum
The Decision-Making Memorandum
The Information Memorandum
The Weekly Report
Conclusion
Chapter 7: Policy Implementation Tools
Implementation Tools
Authorization Tools
Recommending the Right Policy Tool
Conclusion
Chapter 8: The State of the Union and the Budget Process
Timing Your Swing: Understanding Internal Workflows in the Executive Branch
State of the Union
The Budget
Tools of Policy Analysis
Conclusion
Chapter 9: Legislative Clearance and Coordination: SAPs, LRMs, and Other Policy Acronyms
Legislative Clearance and Coordination
Legislative Responsibility in the Executive Branch
The Clearance Process
Clearance of Agency Testimony and Reports on Pending Legislation
Conclusion
Chapter 10: Polling and the Policymaking Process
Polling and Policymaking: Myths and Realities
Polling Basics
Rebuttals to Common Criticisms
Conclusion
Chapter 11: Communicating and Marketing Policy
The Importance of Communicating and Marketing Policy
Speechwriting
Communications
Press Office
Conclusion
PART III. CASE STUDIES
Chapter 12: Social Policymaking: Welfare Reform During the Clinton Administration
Welfare Reform and the Political Process
The Early Phase: Decentralization, Debate, and Deadlock
Phase II: Action, Response, and Resolution
Conclusion: Making the Process Work
Chapter 13: Economic Policymaking I: The Clinton Economic Plan
The Economic Plan and the Political Process
Phase I: The Economic Plan and the NEC
Establishing the Management Role of the NEC
The NEC Process
Communicating and Marketing the Economic Plan
Securing Passage of the Bill
Conclusion and Lessons Learned
Chapter 14: Economic Policymaking II: The Simpson-Bowles Commission Under President Obama
Introduction
Using the Process to Overcome a Stacked Deck
Representative Membership
Outreach
Assigning Accountability and Putting Issues on the Table
The Outcome
Conclusions and Lessons for the Policymaking Process
Chapter 15: Security Policymaking I: Desert Shield and Desert Storm Under George H. W. Bush
Security Crises and the Political Process
Responding to the Crisis
The Initial Response
Containment and the Decision to Double U.S. Ground Forces
Conclusion
Chapter 16: Security Policymaking II: The Surge and Iraq War Under George W. Bush
Changing Policy
The Unpredictability of Being an Honest Broker
Sparking Debate and Incubating Ideas
Breaking Some China
Presenting New Ideas
Promoting the President's Agenda
Conclusion
Chapter 17: Congress and the Executive Branch: Yemen Policy during the Trump and Biden Administrations
Congress and the Executive Branch
Using Hearings to Educate Members of Congress
Using Hearings to Educate the Executive Branch
Lack of Deference Incenses Congress
Executive-Congressional Convergence
Conclusion
PART IV. SCENARIOS
Chapter 18: Practice Scenarios
Practice Scenarios
Glossary
