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Full Description
Safety-critical systems with more digitalization, automation, and AI require integration of human factors to ensure safety, efficiency, and meaningful human control. Across sectors such as aviation, maritime, energy, transportation, and remote operations, accident investigations repeatedly show that failures often stem not from technology alone but from inadequate scoping, poor human-centered design, alarm overload, fragmented automation, and organizational conditions that leave operators unprepared during critical situations. Disasters such as the Boeing 737 MAX accidents demonstrate how safety can be compromised when humans and systems are misaligned, while successful recoveries (such as the US Airways Flight 1549 landing on the Hudson River) show the vital role of design-supported human performance in demanding conditions.
Safety by Design: Human-Centered Approaches to AI, Automation, and Remote Operations explores the relationship between human capabilities, organizational readiness, and complex technical systems. It offers best practices for designing safety-critical systems that integrate human factors from concept to operation. The book introduces Meaningful Human Control, a framework ensuring humans retain authority, awareness, and intervention ability, aligning with emerging EU AI regulations. Readers will learn practical methods to design systems with usability, transparency, and oversight, alongside insights into automation, accident analysis, and supporting operators under stress. These principles help create safer, more resilient, and trustworthy systems.
This book has been written for human factors specialists, system designers, engineers, safety professionals, regulators, and project managers working on safety-critical applications involving automation, AI, or remote operations.
Contents
1.Designing for the Night Watch: Human Factors Challenges on Modern Ship Bridges. 2. How to engineer Meaningful Human Control in automation/AI and remote operations. 3. Integration of Human Factors into Engineering Processes for Flight Deck Design and Certification for Large Aeroplanes - Opportunities and Challenges. 4. User-centred design in critical operations -Every second counts. 5. Human-Centred Design for Autonomy in Remote Ferry Operation. 6. Designing for safety in multi-unit operation: Insights from conceptual design in petroleum. 7. Abstracting lessons from remotely managed incidents to inform road safety policy for automated traffic. 8. The Development of a Remote Operation Centre: Addressing Human Factors when designing for autonomous ship operations - in ROC. 9. Human factors, safety, and technology in the High-Arctic context Svalbard. 10. Safety critical task analysis in automation and remote operations. 11. Situation awareness in aviation - an ecological approach to support human operators at different levels of automation.12. Alarm Management: Toward a Human-Centred Approach.13. Workload Assessment for Modern Industrial Systems.14. Subjective workload assessment - Understanding and applying the NASA-TLX in Safety-Critical Work. 15. Training and Assessment during digitalisation.16. Learning from Normal Work.17. A Structured Approach to Identifying Human Factors in Accident Investigations.18. Evolution of Human Factors Standards - challenges from robotics and automation. 19. Safety and Efficiency in Automation, AI and Remote Operations.
