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Full Description
This book is a multi-faceted, thorough, and yet compact introduction to Jainism. It presents the history and scripture of Jainism, a religion that originated in ancient India and still exists today.
A work of primarily philological nature, giving a close look at the history and development of Jain scriptural traditions based on the tradition of German Indology, this accessible introduction is available for the first time for an English-speaking audience. Readers will encounter an accessible, easy-toread, and up-to-date overview of Jainism according to Śvetāmbara tradition, with reference to the Digambara tradition as well.
The author also offers anthropological, archaeological, and art-historical information from the field of Jain Studies. It will be of interest to students studying Religious Studies, Asian Religions and South Asian Studies as well as a wider public audience without in-depth previous knowledge of Jainism looking for a concise, yet innovative and insightful introduction.
Contents
List of Figures x
Foreword xii
Acknowledgments xiv
Prologue 1
1 The Jina 6
The Jina Mahāvı̄ra 8
The Legend of Mahāvı̄ra 11
The Predecessors of Mahāvı̄ra 17
Pārśva 19
Ariṣṭanemi 20
Ṛṣabha 21
2 Development and Growth of Jainism 24
Beginnings 25
Antiquity (ca. 500 BCE to 500 CE) 26
Medieval Period (ca. 500 CE to 1500 CE) 30
Modern Times (ca. 1500 CE to 1800 CE) 33
Colonial Period and Present (since ca. 1800 CE) 35
History of Academic Research 37
3 Literature and Tradition 41
Canonical Literature 43
The Books of the Canon 44
Twelve 'Limbs' (aṅga) 44
Twelve 'Secondary Limbs' (upāṅga) 46
Chedasūtras 47
Mūlasūtras 47
Prakı̄rṇakasūtras 48
Cūlikasūtras 49
Post-Canonical and Modern Literature 49
4 Understanding the World, Ethics, and Philosophy 54
Cosmology 55
Time and Time Eras 56
World and Universe 58
Cosmos 58
World 63
Development and Transmission of Jain Cosmology 65
Basic Ethical Principles of Jainism 74
Conception of the Soul 77
The Soul in the Cycles of Birth 78
Embodiment and States of the Soul 80
Living Beings 81
Body 82
Colors of the Soul 83
Function and Effect of Karma 84
Steps to Liberation 86
5 Religious Practice 93
The Jain Community 93
Religious Practice of Ascetics 95
Religious Practice of the Laity 98
Ceremonies of Worship 101
Jain Deities 103
Temples and Ascetic Lodgings 105
Religious Festivals 108
Pilgrimage 112
6 Art and Symbolism 116
The Representation of the Jina 117
Bronze Altars 120
Jain Painting and Book Art 123
Wall and Ceiling Painting 123
Painted Book Covers 124
Palm Leaf Manuscripts 125
Paper Manuscripts 126
Jain Symbols 127
Eight Auspicious Symbols (aṣṭamaṅgala) 127
Sacred Syllables 129
Epilogue 132
Glossary 135
Index 140
