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Full Description
This book presents an extended summary of the author publications describing how particles of the solar and interplanetary neutral plasma are accelerated to sub-relativistic energies during magnetic reconnection in solar flares and interplanetary space. The high energy particles are shown to form electric circuits in solar flares from precipitating and returning particles. This circuit exists as long as the reconnection process exists that defines a flare duration. The heating of flaring atmospheres by precipitating particles (electrons, protons or mixed beams) is shown to cause hydrodynamic responses of flaring atmospheres. These responses lead to explosive or mild evaporation of the chromospheric plasma into the corona and formation of fast supersonic hydrodynamic shocks travelling into the solar interior. These dynamic processes are investigated in the observed hard X-ray and soft X-ray, and microwave and optical emissions in the flaring events with sunquakes. The shocks are found to penetrate into the interior beneath flares and become accountable for the formation of seismic responses of solar flares seen as ripples on the photosphere, or sunquakes.
