Full Description
This Encyclopedia examines modern polar law and the specific legal regimes applicable in the Antarctic and the Arctic. It outlines related areas of international law, including the law of the sea and environmental law, providing an invaluable overview and encouraging further research.
Analyzing a breadth of topics, including biodiversity, marine protected areas and maritime zones, the Encyclopedia reflects increased global attention on the polar regions, their resources, environment, and governance. Covering the Antarctic, Arctic and adjacent polar regions, entries identify landmark international legal frameworks, such as the 1959 Antarctic Treaty, and discuss the environmental implications of climate change. Leading specialists in the field address historic legal issues and controversies, and highlight recent developments and conflicts.
The Elgar Concise Encyclopedia of Polar Law is an essential resource for students and scholars in environmental law, international law and what is now a distinctive polar law. Its breadth of invaluable insights will also greatly benefit international lawyers and polar officials.
Key Features:
Combines legal reviews of historical and contemporary issues
Over 140 entries from renowned specialists in the field of polar law
Provides clear and succinct introductions to both established and emerging subtopics in the field
Covers the legal systems of prominent polar states, including Australia, Canada, Russia and the United States
Contents
Contents
An introduction to polar law
xxi
Donald R. Rothwell, Evan T.
Bloom, Suzanne Lalonde and Jeffrey McGee
1 Adelie Land 1
Nicolas Kempf
2 Agreed Measures for the
Conservation of Antarctic
Fauna and Flora 4
Alessandro Antonello
3 Agreement on Cooperation
on Marine Oil Pollution
Preparedness and Response in
the Arctic 7
Maria Madalena das Neves
4 Agreement on the Conservation
of Albatrosses and Petrels 10
Marcus Haward
5 Agreement on the Conservation
of Polar Bears 13
Nigel Bankes
6 Agreement to Prevent
Unregulated High Seas
Fisheries in the Central Arctic
Ocean 17
Erik Franckx
7 Alaska 20
Becca Robbins Gisclair
8 Antarctic network of marine
protected areas 24
Cassandra Brooks
9 Antarctic specially managed
areas 28
David Leary
10 Antarctic specially protected
areas 31
Rachel Innes and Kees Bastmeijer
11 Antarctic Treaty 35
A.J. Press
12 Antarctic Treaty area 39
Karen N. Scott
13 Antarctic Treaty Consultative
Meetings 43
Akiho Shibata and Zia Madani
14 Antarctic Treaty Consultative
Parties 48
Davor Vidas
15 Antarctic Treaty Secretariat 51
Daniela Portella Sampaio
16 Antarctic Treaty System 54
Karen N. Scott
17 Antarctica cases 58
18 Antártica Chilena 61
Fernando Villamizar Lamus
19 Arctic Council 65
Evan T. Bloom
20 Arctic Council - Observers 69
Svein Vigeland Rottem and
Serafima Andreeva
21 Arctic Council - Permanent
Participants 72
Evgeniia (Jen) Sidorova
22 Arctic Council - Working
Groups 75
Malgorzata Smieszek-Rice
23 Arctic Ocean 78
Katharina Heinrich and
Stefan Kirchner
24 Arctic Science Cooperation
Agreement 81
Osamu Inagaki and Akiho Shibata
25 Arctic Search and Rescue
Agreement 84
Kristoffer Sydnes and Maria Sydnes
26 Areas beyond national
jurisdiction 88
Timo Koivurova and
Katharina Heinrich
27 Argentina 91
Lilian del Castillo
28 Argentine Antarctica 95
Bruno Arpi
29 Australia 99
A.J. Press
30 Australian Antarctic Territory 103
Indi Hodgson-Johnston
31 Australian Whale Sanctuary 106
Tim Stephens
32 Aviation* 109
33 Barents Sea 110
Tore Henriksen
34 Beaufort Sea 114
Carole St-Louis
35 Belgium 117
36 Bering Strait 120
Oran R. Young
37 Biodiversity 123
Gabriela Argüello and Aron Westholm
38 British Antarctic Territory
(BAT) 127
Jill Barrett
39 Canada 133
P. Whitney Lackenbauer
40 Canada/Greenland Joint
Commission on Conservation
and Management of Narwhal
and Beluga 138
Nigel Bankes
41 Canada-US Arctic Cooperation
Agreement 141
P. Whitney Lackenbauer
42 Chile 144
Carolina Flores Barros and
Giovannina Sutherland Condorelli
43 China - Antarctica 149
Mengzhu Zhang
44 China - Arctic 152
Nong Hong
45 Climate change 155
Hitomi Kimura
46 Colonization and colonialism 158
Romain Chuffart and Rachael
Lorna Johnstone
47 Commission for the
Conservation of Antarctic
Marine Living Resources 163
David Agnew
48 Commission on the Limits of
the Continental Shelf 166
Kevin A. Baumert
49 Committee for Environmental
Protection 169
A.J. Press
50 Continental shelf 172
Kevin A. Baumert
51 Convention for the
Conservation of Antarctic Seals 176
Erik J. Molenaar
52 Convention on International
Trade in Endangered Species of
Wild Fauna and Flora 179
Nikolas Sellheim and Akiho Shibata
53 Convention on the
Conservation of Antarctic
Marine Living Resources 182
Ruth Davis
54 Convention on the Regulation
of Antarctic Mineral Resource
Activities 185
Rüdiger Wolfrum
55 Cruise ships 188
Emma J. Stewart and Daniela Liggett
56 Denmark, Kingdom of 191
Birgit Feldtmann
57 Disarmament* 196
58 Eastern Greenland case 197
Nkeiru Scotcher
59 European Union* 200
60 Exclusive economic zone 201
Camille Goodman
61 Falkland Islands/Islas Malvinas 204
Bruno Arpi
62 Finland 208
Timo Koivurova
63 Fishing - Antarctica 212
Lynda Goldsworthy and Kelly King
64 Fishing - Arctic* 215
65 France 216
Nicolas Kempf
66 Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat) 220
Sara Olsvig
67 Greenland - self-government 225
Jens Heinrich
68 Greenland/Jan Mayen case 228
Yoshifumi Tanaka
69 Hans Island/Tartupaluk 231
Rasmus Nielsen and P.
Whitney Lackenbauer
70 High seas 234
Arron N. Honniball
71 Historic waters 237
Sophia Kopela
72 Ice 241
Stuart Kaye
73 Ice shelves* 244
74 Iceland 245
Medy Dervovic and Bjarni
Már Magnússon
75 Ilulissat Declaration 250
Klaus Dodds
76 India 253
Sanjay Chaturvedi
77 Indigenous Peoples 256
Endalew Lijalem Enyew and
Apostolos Tsiouvalas
78 International Convention for
the Prevention of Pollution
from Ships (MARPOL) 262
Aldo Chircop
79 International Geophysical Year
/ International Polar Year 266
Richard C. Powell
80 International Seabed Authority 269
Aline Jaeckel and Yavuz A. Yakut
81 International Whaling
Commission 272
Ed Couzens
82 Inuit Circumpolar Council 275
Lisa Qiluqqi Koperqualuk
83 IUU fishing 279
Arron N. Honniball
84 Japan 282
Akiho Shibata
85 Jurisdiction 287
Alexia de Vaucleroy
86 Krill* 290
Naiade el-Khoury
87 Law of the sea 294
Joanna Mossop
88 Madrid Protocol on
Environmental Protection to
the Antarctic Treaty 297
Rüdiger Wolfrum
89 Marine environmental
protection 302
Cymie Payne
90 Marine living resources 305
Nengye Liu
91 Marine protected areas 308
Millicent McCreath
92 Maritime boundaries 311
Yoshifumi Tanaka
93 Maritime zones 315
Stuart Kaye
94 Military activity - Antarctica 318
Jeff McGee
95 Military activity - Arctic* 322
96 Navigational rights and
freedoms 323
Erik Franckx
97 New Zealand 326
Trevor Daya-Winterbottom
98 North Atlantic Marine
Mammal Commission 330
Cameron Jefferies
99 North Pole 333
Ekaterina Antsygina
100 Northern Sea Route 336
Jan Jakub Solski
101 Northwest Passage 339
Kentaro Nishimoto
102 Norway - Antarctica 344
Olav Schram Stokke
103 Norway - Arctic 349
Andreas Østhagen
104 Nuclear free zones 353
Daniel Joyner and Anna Hood
105 Ocean acidification 356
Tim Stephens and Anneke van
den Brink
106 Oil and gas exploitation and
exploration 359
Daria Shapovalova
107 Patagonian toothfish 362
Dirk Welsford
108 Polar bears 366
Leoni Fahrenkrug and Kees Bastmeijer
109 Polar Code 369
Aldo Chircop
110 Queen Maud Land 372
Donald R. Rothwell
111 Regional fisheries management
organisations 375
Camille Goodman
112 Resource management 378
David Leary
113 Ross Dependency 381
Alan D. Hemmings
114 Ross Sea 386
Trevor Daya-Winterbottom
115 Russia - Antarctica 389
Elizabeth Buchanan and
Anton N. Sokolov
116 Russia - Arctic 393
Andrey Todorov
117 Scientific Committee on
Antarctic Research 397
Steven L. Chown
118 Scientific cooperation 400
Volker Rachold and Jenny Baeseman
119 Sealing 403
Nikolas Sellheim
120 Sector principle 406
Donald R. Rothwell
121 Shipping 409
David Baker and Erin Walton
122 South Africa 413
Hendrik A. Strydom
123 South Korea 417
124 South Pole 418
Rachel Baird
125 Southern Ocean 421
Anaïs Rémont
126 Southern Ocean Whale
Sanctuary 425
Nicola Wheen
127 Sovereignty - Antarctica 428
Indi Hodgson-Johnston and
Bruno Arpi
128 Sovereignty - Arctic 432
Wilfrid Greaves
129 SS Manhattan incident 437
Suzanne Lalonde
130 Sub-Antarctic islands 441
Donald R. Rothwell
131 Svalbard 444
Nkeiru Scotcher
132 Sweden 447
Stefan Lundqvist
133 Tourism 450
Emma J. Stewart and Daniela Liggett
134 Transit passage 453
Charles H. Norchi
135 Unclaimed sector 456
Naiade el-Khoury
136 United Kingdom 459
Romain Chuffart and Corine
Wood-Donnelly
137 United Nations Convention on
the Law of the Sea 464
Constance Johnson
138 United Nations Convention on
the Law of the Sea - Article 234 468
Kristin Bartenstein
139 United States of America -
Antarctica 471
M.J. Peterson
140 United States of America -
Arctic 475
Rebecca Pincus
141 Washington Conference 479
Shirley V. Scott and Toby Fadida
142 Whaling 483
Cameron Jefferies
143 Whaling in the Antarctic case 486
Malgosia Fitzmaurice and
Agnes Rydberg
144 World Heritage Convention 489
Ben Boer
