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Full Description
Bioavailability processes are essential for assessing environmental risk, environmental health, and decision making in environmental management. This practical guide on environmental bioavailability explains the importance of its use and includes specific methods for testing bioavailability of pollutants in water (fresh water and seawater), soils, and sediments. Detailed methods and techniques are given to measure and assess bioavailability using biotic methods, abiotic methods, and modeling. A case study for each approach will help environmental researchers and practitioners understand the applications of bioavailability in field and laboratory.
Features
Provides information on the importance of environmental bioavailability of pollutants.
Explains in a "how-to" manner the use of bioavailability in environmental risk assessment and environmental management decision making.
Includes areas of applicability, optimum conditions, and pros and cons for each method.
Summarizes state-of-the-art in modeling environmental bioavailability and discusses current best practices.
Includes case studies illustrating the assessment of bioavailability using different approaches.
This handbook is intended for professionals, researchers, academics, environmental practitioners, and policy makers working in the areas of environmental risk assessment, environmental health, environmental management, sustainability, and related fields. It is also an excellent resource for students who are studying in any of these fields and looking for a foundational text on environmental bioavailability.
Contents
Secion 1: Background. 1. Bioavailability and Influencing Factors. 2. Terms and Definitions. 3. Sample Integrity and Avoid Contamination. 4. Guidance Notes on Quality Assurance and Quality Control. 5. Standard Methods for the Instrumental Analysis of Heavy Metals and Organic Compounds and Ancillary Procedures. Section 2: Biotic Methods to Measure Bioavailability, "True Bioavailability". 6. Environmental Biomonitoring of Bioavailability Using Caged Bivalve Mollusks. 7. Using Worms for the Measurement of Pollutant Bioavailability. 8. Assessing the Bioavailability of Pollutants by Macrophytes. 9. Measuring Bioavailability Using Whole-cell Bioreporters. Section 3: Abiotic Methods to Measure Bioavailability via Chemical Proxies, "Chemoavailability". 10. Chemoavailability of Pollutants Determined by Diffusive Gradients in Thin-Films. 11. Tenax Extraction as a Simple Method to Determine the Chemoavailability of Organic Pollutants. 12. Using Chelating Resins for the Measurement of Heavy Metal Bioavailability. 13. Permeation Liquid Membranes as a Tool for Evaluation of Heavy Metal Chemoavailability. Section 4: Modeling. 14. Introduction to Modelling Bioavailability. 15. Speciation and Biotic Ligand Modeling. Section 5: Case Studies on the Assessment of Bioavailability. 16. Case Study: Evaluating Organic Diffusive Gradients in Thin-Film Devices as Proxies to Measure Bioavailability of Methamphetamine in Zebrafish. 17. Case Study: Assessing a Two-in-One Whole-cell Bioreporter approach for Bioavailability and Toxicity of Cadmium and Lead.
