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Full Description
Presidential term limits have been a crucial institutional feature of the third wave of democratization. They are meant to safeguard democracy by promoting alternation in office and preventing the personalization of power. However, since the 1990s term limits have been subject to frequent contestation by incumbents. Such contestation process has often been considered a sign of autocratization, particularly when it involves the weakening of other constitutional constraints, such as courts and legislatures. Term-limit contestations have attracted the attention of scholars working with a global perspective as well as with a regional or country-specific one too. Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa are focal points of these trends, despite their different histories of presidentialism and diverging types of term-limit rules.
This book generates new empirical and theoretical insights by bringing together the scholarship on Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa, providing context-bound intraregional research as well as long-term perspectives for the study of term-limit change. The chapters advance novel findings on institutionalization, the power of precedence, incumbent-centred strategies, and approaches to protect presidential term limits.
This volume will be of great use to students and researchers interested in Latin American and African studies, comparative politics as well as political leadership. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Democratization.
Contents
Introduction: Contested, violated but persistent: presidential term limits in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa 1. Sequences of presidential-term-Limits: Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa 2. Tinkering with executive term limits: partisan imbalances and institutional legacies in Latin America 3. Authoritarian origins of term limit trajectories in Africa 4. When incumbents do not run: presidential succession and democratization 5. Costs and benefits of accepting presidential term limits: "should I stay or should I go?" 6. The "Big Five" personality traits of presidents and the relaxation of term limits in Latin America 7. Do contravention attempts affect public support for presidential term limits?: Evidence from sub-Saharan Africa 8. Protecting democracy from abroad: democracy aid against attempts to circumvent presidential term limits 9. Militant democracy and the pre-emptive constitution: from party bans to hardened term limits
