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Full Description
Models are used to explore possibilities across all scientific fields. Climate models simulate the potential future climatic conditions under various emissions scenarios, macroeconomic models investigate the implications of various fiscal and monetary policy initiatives, and infectious diseases models study the spread of viral diseases under a range of conditions. Such modeling approaches have not gone ignored by philosophers of science, but they have only recently started to explicitly address modeling the possible. So far, the discussion has been spread across a variety of more or less isolated pockets of debate in the philosophy of science. Modeling the Possible: Perspectives from Philosophy of Science draws together these studies, focusing specifically on how various modeling practices probe possibilities and justify claims concerning them.
The volume is divided into three sections, plus an introductory chapter. The introductory chapter provides a state-of-the-art survey of the discussions of modeling possibilities within the philosophy of science, as well as an introduction to the book's main themes and individual papers. The three sections focus on different kinds of possibility concepts, possibility spaces, and how-possibly modeling in practical situations. The chapters contained in this volume address conceptual and theoretical issues while also presenting case studies from various scientific domains: physics, evolutionary and synthetic biology, network science, climate science, economics, and epidemiology.
Essential reading for philosophers of science, epistemologists, and modelers in various scientific disciplines, Modeling the Possible is also suitable for anyone interested in model-based scientific inferences, their validity, and the policy conclusions derived from them.
Contents
Introduction Tarja Knuuttila, Till Grüne-Yanoff, Ylwa Sjölin Wirling, and Rami Koskinen Part 1: Possibility Concepts for Scientific Use 1. Through the Prism of Modal Epistemology: Perspectives on Modal Modeling Ylwa Sjölin Wirling and Till Grüne-Yanoff 2. Which Possibilities Contribute to Scientific Understanding? Collin Rice 3. Actual Possibility Paul Teller 4. The Possibilities in Propensities: Emergence and Modality Mauricio Suárez Part 2: Possibility Spaces 5. Invariance, Modality, and Modeling Andreas Hüttemann 6. Modeling the Biologically Possible: Evolvability as a Modal Concept Marcel Weber 7. The Combinatorial Possibilities of Synthetic Biology Tarja Knuuttila and Andrea Loettgers 8. Beyond Networks: Explaining the Dynamics in the Natural and Social Systems Johannes Jaeger, James DiFrisco, and Andrea Loettgers Part 3: Exploring How-Possibly in Practical Contexts 9. Three Strategies for Salvaging Explanatory Value in Deep Neural Network Modeling Philippe Verreault-Julien 10. Modeling Climate Possibilities Joe Roussos 11. Prospective Modeling Alfred Nordmann 12. Alternative Worlds: Reasonable Worlds? Plausible Worlds? Mary S. Morgan 13. Are Pandemics a Necessary Evil? The Role of Epidemiological and Immunological Models in Understanding and Preventing Diseases Gregor P. Greslehner. Index
