Full Description
Cryogen-free cryogenics is leading a revolution in research and industry by its significant advantages over traditional liquid helium systems. This is the first overview for the field, covering the key technologies, conceptual design, fabrication, operation, performance, and applications of these systems. The contents cover important topics such as the operating principles of 4 K cryocoolers, enabling technologies (including vibration reduction) for cryogen-free systems, the cryogen-free superconducting magnet, and cryogen-free systems that reach millikelvin. It highlights the wide range of applications in materials science, quantum physics, astronomy and space science, medical sciences, etc.
Key features:
• Introduces technologies and practical know-how employed for cryogen-free systems of using 4 K cryocoolers to replace liquid helium
• Addresses state-of-the-art of cryogen-free superconducting magnets, subkelvin refrigeration systems of the He-3 sorption cooler, adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR) and dilution refrigerators (DR)
• Discusses applications of cryogen-free systems in modern instruments and equipment
Contents
1. Evolution of Cryogenic Engineering. 2. Helium: Its Application, Supply, and Demand. 3. 4k Regenerative Cryocoolers. 4.Features and Characteristics of 4k Cryocoolers. 5. Reduction of Vibration and Drift. 6. Enablisng Technologies. 7. Cryogen Free Superconducting Magnets. 8. Cryogen-free 4k and 1.5k Systems. 9. Cryogen-free 3He Systems. 10. Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerator (ADR) Systems. 11. Cryogen-free Dilution Refrigerator.
