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Full Description
This volume covers the "middle" time period of the Syrian uprising, roughly from 2012 when Syria's peaceful protest began to mutate into a violent insurgency and civil war until roughly 2018 when the conflict took on features of a "frozen conflict".
The middle period was important as one of key junctures or turning points when the struggle could have reached rather different outcomes. Non-violent protest failed to drive democratization and turned into violent insurrection but revolution from below also failed as did regime counter-insurgency, leaving protracted civil war the default outcome. Second, the consequences of civil war became evident with six themes: failing statehood coexisted with regime resilience; rebel governance emerged as a viable challenge to the regime; social forces were sharply polarized; external actors exacerbated internal divisions; a predatory war economy emerged; and intense violence led to massive displacement of the population.
Taking an innovative and interdisciplinary approach that seeks to capture the full complexity of the phenomenon, this book contributes significantly to our understanding of the Syrian conflict, therefore it will be of interest to academics, students, journalists and policy-makers interested in the Syrian civil war.
Contents
1. Introduction, The Syrian Uprising: Between Peaceful Protest and State Failure Part I. Critical Junctures 2. Governance amidst Civil War: from Failing Statehood to Competitive regime Re-formation 3. Three Faces of the Syrian Contentious Movement: 'Externalisation' of Contention in the Middle Phase of the Syrian Conflict 4. The Syrian Civil War's 2015 Impasse: How Russia's Intervention Turned the Tide 5. International Conflict Mediation in Syria: From 'Transformation' to 'Containment' Part II. Local Contentious Politics 6. The Struggle for Territory: Territorial fragmentation and Competitive Governance in Syria through three case studies 7. The Syrian Interim Government: Potential thwarted by domestic 'irrelevance' and foreign neglect 8. Who owns the law? Logics of Insurgent Courts in the Syrian War (2012 - 2017) 9. The Battle for Deir ez-Zor (2011-2017) Part III. Militarisation, Division, and Regime Resilience 10. Alawite Opposition and the Rise of ISIS 11. Tribes at War 12. Tracing Kurdish Politics in Syria and its Prospects 13. How did Muhajiroun become Jihadists? Foreign Fighters and the Geopolitics of the Conflict in Syria Part IV. The War Economy 14. Capital, Business Elites and the Syrian Uprising 15. Syria's Banking Sector: from crony capitalism to a survivalist strategy amidst the Syrian conflict 16. Division and Cooperation among Syrian Businessmen in Turkey: an Investigation of the Political and Economic Behaviour of Syrian Business Migrants Part V. Transnationalism in the Syrian Conflict: Intellectuals to Refugees 17. Syrians and the Quest for their voice 18. Syrian Intellectuals and the Media: competing narratives and discursive wars 19. The Syrian Humanitarian Disaster: Understanding Perceptions and Aspirations in Jordan, Lebanon and Turkey 20. Trans-local Activism and the Syrian struggle in global politics - Civil society, agency, and 'new' political spaces
