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Full Description
Political patronage is defined as political actors appointing individuals at their discretion to key positions in the public sector. The book examines this practice in the bureaucracies of 11 Asian countries through the use of a typological framework of patronage types. The framework is based on two key criteria: basis of trust and the major role of political appointees. Several countries with well-developed civil service systems showed minimal levels of patronage (Japan, Singapore and South Korea). Two countries with a weak civil service showed very high levels of patronage appointments (Bangladesh and India). Sandwiched between those extremes are countries with formal civil service systems that are heavily influenced by political parties and by social ties to society (Vietnam, Kazakhstan, and China). The book concludes that not all patronage is the same and what is important is the tasks being performed by appointees and the nature of the trust relationship.
Contents
1. Patronage in Asian political systems: a framework for research B. Guy Peters; Part I. One-party Dominated Systems: 2. Governing the global city's mandarinate: politically motivated appointments in Singapore's public sector Assel Mussagulova and George Wong; 3. Patronage and politicisation in the Indian administrative service Naresh Chandra Saxena; 4. Political patronage, civil service politicisation and the ordeals of career civil servants: insights from Bangladesh Mohammad Mizanur Rahman; Part II. Two-party/Multi-party Systems: 5. Patronage appointment in Japanese politics: political representation in a large bureaucracy Masao Kikuchi; 6. Patronage in Mongolia Oyunsuren Damdinsuren, Julian Dierkes and Byambakhand Luguusharav; 7. Loyalty or expertise? The practice of political patronage in Taiwan Tong-yi Huang and Zong-xian Huang; 8. Patronage in South Korea Min Han Kim, Byongseob Kim and Hyejin Kang; 9. Patronage appointments in the Philippine public service Maria Fe Villamejor-Mendoza; Part III. Autocracies: 10. Varieties of patronage in a single party state: ministers in China Jiangnan Zhu, Siqin Kang and Yaowensong Song; 11. Party patronage in Kazakhstan Colin Knox and Saltanat Janenova; 12. Political patronage in Vietnam Minh-Quang Le, Chi-Kien Phung and Quang-Minh Le; 13. Conclusions Colin Knox and B. Guy Peters; Index.
