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Full Description
Champion: The pattern of nucleated settlements and extensive open fields most commonly found within the landscape of the Midlands.
This book presents a radical reinterpretation of the origins of villages and open fields, and their development in the late medieval and post-medieval periods, in the Midland, 'champion' areas of England. Most landscape historians believe that villages were created in the middle or later Saxon periods through the 'nucleation' of a formerly dispersed pattern of settlement, that many villages were initially laid out as planned, regular settlements and that open fields probably came into existence at the same time. Re-examination and mapping of the data suggests 'nucleation' is a myth, 'village planning' an illusion and open fields were created, at least in their classic, 'regular' forms, only in the eleventh or twelfth centuries.
Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction
Why Northamptonshire? • Debating the Medieval Landscape • The Post-Medieval Landscape • Methodology
Chapter 2: Structures of Landscape
Geology and Topography • Climate and Soils • Territory and Topography • Late Prehistoric and Roman
Settlement • Early and Middle Saxon Settlement • Territorial Organisation • Demographic and Agricultural
Expansion • Conclusion
Chapter 3: Medieval Settlement
Introduction • Dispersion and Nucleation • Villages: Geology, 'Cores' and Expansion • Village Plans: Patterns of
Earlier Land Use • Geology, Land Use and Plan Form • Regular Tofts and 'Planning' • Dispersed Settlements •
Conclusion
Chapter 4: Medieval Land Use: Field and Forest
Introduction • Arable • Pasture • Meadow • Woodland and Forest • Heaths • The Antiquity of the Open Fields
• Conclusion
Chapter 5: The Post-Medieval Landscape
Introduction • Tenure and Ownership • Enclosure • Modifying the Open Fields • The Chronology of
Northamptonshire Enclosure • Enclosing the Forests • Enclosure and Land Use Change • The Impact of
Enclosure • The Development of Rural Settlement • Conclusion
Chapter 6: Northamptonshire in Context
Woodland and Champion • The Characteristics of 'Woodland' Landscapes • Variations in the Medieval
Landscapes of the Midlands • Variations in Post-Medieval Landscape and Agriculture • Woodland and
Pasture • The Origins of Regional Variation • Explaining Regional Variation • The Implications of Post-Medieval
Developments
Chapter 7: Landscape: Time, Agency and Character
Historic Landscape Character • Northamptonshire Field Patterns • Landscape and Agency
