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基本説明
The 21st monumental volume in of A. J. Ayer is more than his final word on the philosophical issues which preoccupied him for 60 years.
Full Description
A.J. Ayer burst like a supernova upon the Anglo-American philosophical world in 1936, with "Language, Truth and Logic", an eloquent, uncompromising manifesto for logical positivism which transformed the thinking of a generation. Inside a few years, philosophers were retreating from the position set forth in "Language Truth and Logic" with Ayer himself leading the retreat. The ensuing vogue for "ordinary language" philosophy was not admired by Ayer who became one of its most telling critics. In his subsequent writings he displayed a rare capacity for self-criticism, manifested in a readiness to admit that his earlier arguments had been inadequate. He modified his position on many issues, but remained to the end what he had been all along - an empiricist in the demanding tradition of Hume and Russell. Ayers's grace and clarity of style, his lack of pretentiousness, his logical rigour and his gift for penetrating to the heart of a problem are all exemplified in a succession of works, including "Thinking and Meaning" (1947), "The Problem of Knowlegde" (1956), "Probability and Evidence" (1973) and "Freedom and Morality" (1985).
This, the 21st volume in the "Library of Living Philosophy", is more than Sir Alfred Ayer's final word on the philosophical issues which preoccupied him for 60 years. The list of contributors is a roll-call of some of the greatest living figures in philosophy, each addressing a key problem arising from Ayer's work. Most of the critical papers are answered directly and in detail by Sir Alfred - he completed his replies to 20 of the 24 papers before his death.
Contents
My mental development, A.J. Ayer; varieties of meaning and truth, Evandro Agazzi; Ayer and pragmatism, James Campbell; on judging sufficiency of evidence, David S. Clarke; the metaphysics of verificationism, Michael Dummett; A.J. Ayer's philosophical method, Beth Eames; the construction of the physical world, John Foster; on Sir Alfred Ayer's theory of truth, Paul Gochet; man as a subject for social science, Martin Hollis; causation - one thing just happens after another, Ted Honderich; Ayer and the Vienna circle, Tscha Hung; "Oh Boy! You Too!" - aesthetic emotivism re-examined, Peter Kivy; Ayer on metaphysics - a critical commentary by a kind of metaphysician, Arne Naess; Ayer on free will and determinism, D.J. O'Connor; Ayerian "qualia" and the empiricist heritage, Desiree Park; Ayer's view on meaning-rules, David Pears; remarks on logical empiricism and some of Ayer's achievements - some fifty years later, A. Polikarov and D. Ginev; is it necessary that water is h2o?, Hilary Putnam; Ayer's philosophy of logic and mathematics, Francisco Miro Quesada C.; Ayer and ontology, Anthony Quinton; Ayer's treatment of Russell, Emanuelle Riverso; Ayer on perception and reality, Ernest Sosa; Ayer on other minds, T.L.S. Sprigge; Ayer's Hume, Barry Stroud; Ayer on morality and feeling - from subjectivism to emotivism and back?, David Wiggins.
