Full Description
The United States demography is changing rapidly. How are we capturing these shifts? Do the racial categories that exist accurately represent the individuals who fall into them? Have long-standing categories hindered our understanding of racial inequality? These questions are particularly significant in education, where a precise view of students—who achieves and who requires greater resources—is critical. This volume brings together the expertise of scholars from a range of disciplines to explore the current state of racial heterogeneity, data practice, and educational inequality. They offer recommendations to guide future research, practice, and policy with the goal of better understanding and meeting the needs of our diverse student population in the years to come.
Book Features:
Contributes both conceptual and practical knowledge toward understanding the relevance of data practices that impact racial inequality—important for both researchers and practitioners.
Highlights the relevance of racial heterogeneity broadly, but also its significance for particular racial groups—for example, Pacific Islanders and mixed-race/multiracial students—who are largely understudied.
Offers recommendations that include the importance of promoting collaboration between researchers, advocates, practitioners, and policymakers.
Contents
Contents
Series Foreword vii
James A. Banks
Preface: Race: American Education's Inescapable Conundrum xiii
Walter R. Allen
1. Introduction 1
Bach Mai Dolly Nguyen and Robert T. Teranishi
Part I: Conceptual Considerations of Racial Heterogeneity
2. Who's Black? Hybridity, Complexity, and Fluidity in 21st-Century Racial Identity 15
Gloria Ladson-Billings
3. Latinos in the American Racial Hierarchy: The Complexities of Identity and Group Formation 29
Luis Ricardo Fraga and Nicole Perez
4. Panethnicity and Ethnic Heterogeneity: The Politics of Lumping and Disaggregating Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in Educational Policy 46
Michael Omi, Mike Hoa Nguyen, and Jason Chan
5. The "Invisible" Minority: Finding a Sense of Belonging After Imperialism, Colonialism, and (Im)migration for Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders in the United States 67
'Inoke Hafoka, Kēhaulani Vaughn, Iosefa Aina, and Cynthia M. Alcantar
6. Draw Your Own Box? Further Complicating Racial Data for Multiracial/Two or More Races College Students 84
Marc P. Johnston-Guerrero and Karly Sarita Ford
Part II: Unmasking Educational Inequality Through Disaggregated Data
7. Similar, But Not the Same: Considering the Intersections of Race, Ethnicity, and Immigrant Status in the Lives of Black Students 103
Kimberly A. Griffin and Chrystal A. George Mwangi
8. Beyond Reservations: Exploring Diverse Backgrounds and Tribal Citizenship Among Native College Students 119
Heather J. Shotton
9. The Mismeasure of Native American Students: Using Data Disaggregation to Promote Identity Safety 131
Laura M. Brady, Zoe Higheagle Strong, and Stephanie A. Fryberg
10. More Than Nuance: Recognizing and Serving the Diversity of the Latinx Community 154
Desiree D. Zerquera, Jasmine Haywood, and MartÍn De Mucha
11. Data Quality in the Evaluation of Latino Student Success 170
Stella M. Flores, Brian Holzman, and Leticia Oseguera
Conclusion 195
Robert T. Teranishi
About the Editors and Contributors 202
Index 207
