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Full Description
During times of conflict, Americans have worried that enemies within would twist freedom of speech into a weapon of propaganda and use freedom of assembly to unleash violent internal chaos. As a result, the government isolated and confined within federal communities groups that they deemed dangerous. Within these so-called cultural structures of realistic democracy, the government awkwardly attempted to protect citizens while curbing their rights and freedoms. It is no accident that the government's enclosed worlds were most numerous in the American West, where abundant open space has long symbolized the glory of American freedom and progress. Heather Fryer looks at four of these inverse utopias in the American West: the Klamath Indian reservation; the community of nuclear scientists in Los Alamos; the Japanese internment camp in Topaz, Utah; and the wartime company town of Vanport, Oregon. Each community stripped freedoms from Americans based on beliefs about the treacherous tendencies of minorities, workers, and radicals. Although the differences of experience among the four populations were considerable, they shared the marginalization, repression, displacement, and disillusionment with the federal government that flourished within the confined spaces of America's inverse utopias. Nor was their experience theirs alone; it is instead part of a patterned, national, wartime dynamic that makes enemies of citizens while fighting to extend American freedom to every corner of the globe.
Contents
List of Illustrations
Introduction: Discovering the Inverse-Utopian West
1. Beware of Crafty Bandits: Enmification in the Empire for Liberty
2. The Great Citizenship Pantomime: Politics and Power in a Barbed-Wire Democracy
3. Cultivating Dependency: Economics and Education in America's Inverse Utopias
4. Tragic Ironies: Everyday Life in an Inverse Utopia
5. From Barbed Wire to Bootstraps: Freedom and Community in Cold War America
6. Termination of the Klamath Reservation: From Inverse Utopia to Indian Dystopia
7. No Camps for Commies: The Dual Legacies of Dissonance and Dissidents
Notes
Bibliography
Index
