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Full Description
From the colonial era to the onset of the Civil War, Magazines and the Making of America looks at how magazines and the individuals, organizations, and circumstances they connected ushered America into the modern age. How did a magazine industry emerge in the United States, where there were once only amateur authors, clumsy technologies for production and distribution, and sparse reader demand? What legitimated magazines as they competed with other media, such as newspapers, books, and letters? And what role did magazines play in the integration or division of American society? From their first appearance in 1741, magazines brought together like-minded people, wherever they were located and whatever interests they shared. As America became socially differentiated, magazines engaged and empowered diverse communities of faith, purpose, and practice. Religious groups could distinguish themselves from others and demarcate their identities. Social-reform movements could energize activists across the country to push for change. People in specialized occupations could meet and learn from one another to improve their practices.
Magazines built translocal communities--collections of people with common interests who were geographically dispersed and could not easily meet face-to-face. By supporting communities that crossed various axes of social structure, magazines also fostered pluralistic integration. Looking at the important role that magazines had in mediating and sustaining critical debates and diverse groups of people, Magazines and the Making of America considers how these print publications helped construct a distinctly American society.
Contents
List of Figures and Tables ix Acknowledgments xiii Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Why Focus on Magazines? 4 Magazines, Modernization, and Community in America 5 The Modernization of America 9 Modernization and Community in America 12 The Path Forward: The Outline of This Book 15 Conclusion 22 Chapter 2 The History of American Magazines, 1741-1860 23 Magazine Origins 23 Magazine Evolution 26 Variety within and among Magazines 41 Conclusion 52 Chapter 3 The Material and Cultural Foundations of American Magazines 55 Publishing Technologies 57 Distribution Infrastructure: The Post Office 61 The Reading Public 74 Professional Authors and Copyright Law 86 Conclusion 103 Chapter 4 Launching Magazines 106 Who Founded American Magazines? 106 Why Were Magazines Founded? 127 How Did Magazines Gain Public Support? 136 Conclusion 142 Chapter 5 Religion 143 The Changing Face of American Religion 143 The Interplay between Religion and Magazines 160 Conclusion 184 Chapter 6 Social Reform 187 The Evolution of Social Reform Movements 187 Religion and Reform: The Moral Impulse 197 Magazines and Reform 201 The Press, the Pulpit, and the Antislavery Movement 212 Conclusion 221 Chapter 7 The Economy 224 Economic Development 224 Commerce and Magazines 238 Rationality and "Science" in America 245 A New American Revolution: Agriculture Becomes "Scientific" 250 Conclusion 267 Chapter 8 Conclusion 269 Appendix 1: Data and Data Sources 279 Core Data on Magazines: Sources 279 Refining the Sample: Distinguishing Magazines from Other Types of Publications 281 Measuring Magazine Attributes 284 Background Data on Magazine Founders 291 Data on Religion 294 Data on Antislavery Associations 301 Data on Social Reform Associations 303 Other Contextual Data 303 Appendix 2: Methods for Quantitative Data Analysis 307 Units of Analysis 307 Chapter 2: The History of American Magazines, 1741-1860 309 Chapter 3: The Material and Cultural Foundations of American Magazines 310 Chapter 4: Launching Magazines 319 Chapter 5: Religion 327 Chapter 6: Social Reform 335 References 343 Index 395
