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基本説明
New in paperback. Hardcover was published in 2005. Documents the rising influence of business, both Chinese and foreign, on national public policy in China.
Full Description
In this timely work, Scott Kennedy documents the rising influence of business, both Chinese and foreign, on national public policy in China.
China's shift to a market economy has made businesses more sensitive to their bottom line and has seen the passage of thousands of laws and regulations that directly affect firms' success. Companies have become involved in a tug of war with the government and with each other to gain national policy advantages, often setting the agenda, providing alternative options, and pressing for a favored outcome.
Kennedy's comparison of lobbying in the steel, consumer electronics, and software industries shows that although companies operate in a common political system, economic circumstances shape the nature and outcome of lobbying. Factors such as private or state ownership, size, industry concentration, and technological sophistication all affect industry activism.
Based on over 300 in-depth interviews with company executives, business association representatives, and government officials, this study identifies a wide range of national economic policies influenced by lobbying, including taxes, technical standards, and intellectual property rights. These findings have significant implications for how we think about Chinese politics and economics, as well as government-business relations in general.
Contents
Acknowledgments List of Tables and Figures Abbreviations 1. Introduction: The Puzzle of Lobbying in China The Puzzle and the Project Alternative Patterns of Government-Business Relations Previous Research: Fulfilling Expectations (Not) Explaining Variation The Consequences The Significance of Economic Factors China as a Critical Case The Research Design Outline of the Book 2. Organizing Business in China Introduction The New Basis for Government-Business Interaction Mapping China's Association System The Limited Autonomy of Business Associations The Missing Structural Components of Corporatism Pluralism: A Mixed Picture Beyond Clientelism Conclusion: Explaining Variation 3. The Steel Industry: Walking on One Leg Introduction The Economics of Steel The Weakness of China's Steel Associations The Dominance of Direct Interaction The Gap Between Connections and Clientelism Cartel Calamities Steel Trade Warriors The Exception: Environmental Protection Policy Conclusion 4. Consumer Electronics: Sending Mixed Signals Introduction The Economics of TVs and VCD Players The Uneven Growth of Consumer Electronics Associations Direct Contact: Taking Offense The Price of Competition Fighting Off the Tax Man The Standard of Influence Conclusion 5. Software: Approaching Pluralism Introduction The Economics of Software The Growth of Software Associations Other Signs of Pluralism The "Normalization" of Relationships The VAT: Revaluing the Industry Copyright Protection: Joining the Fight Standards: Erecting and Dismantling Barriers to Entry Conclusion 6. Conclusion: China's Political Economies Introduction Linking Economics, Interaction, and Influence Chinese Politics: Adapting Models and Integrating Sub-Fields Incremental Democratization? Reform Alternatives: Beyond Liberalization Appendix: Case Selection and Interviews Notes Index
