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Full Description
Provides the English reader with a comprehensive study, based on first-hand documentary material, of Soviet policy towards the Jews of the USSR from the Stalinist era, through to the interregnum (1953-7), the Khrushchev period and the 'collective leadership' of Brezhnev, Kosygin and Podgorny (1964-7). In 1948 the State of Israel was established with the support of the Soviet bloc. But the period 1948-53 (the so-called 'black years'), also witnessed the murder of the actor Shlomo Mikhoels, the closing of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee, the liquidation of all Jewish cultural institutions, and the launching of the anti-cosmopolitan campaign and the 'Doctors' Plot'. After Stalin there were improvements in the policy towards the non-Russian nationalities, and even certain gestures of goodwill towards the Jewish population; but these proved to be more symbolic than substantive, and the Jews as individuals and as a national minority came to feel increasingly and inescapably trapped. Government restrictions, crude attacks on Judaism, Zionism, and on the State of Israel became regular features of the post-Stalin era.
Contents
Part I. Government ideology and the Jews: 1. The Jewish national question in the Soviet Union; 2. Official Soviet statements on the Jewish question; Part II. Jews as victims of Soviet policy: 3. Anti-Semitism in the Soviet Union; 4. The campaigns against 'Jewish nationalism' and `cosmopolitanism'; 5. Jews on trial in the Soviet Union; Part III. The Zionist issue: 6. The Soviet regime and Zionism; Part IV. Jews and the Jewish people in Soviet society: 7. Jewish culture in the Soviet Union; 8. The Jewish religion in the Soviet Union; 9. Jews in Soviet government; 10. The Jewish Autonomous Region of Birobidzhan; Part V. The Jewish experience as mirrored in Soviet publications: 11. Jews in Soviet literature; 12. The Holocaust and Jewish resistance as reflected in Soviet academic literature and the press; Part IV. A separate development: 13. The Oriental Jews of the Soviet Union.