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基本説明
Outlines the toxic nature of crude oil, covering properties of crude oil, chemical composition, toxicity to humans and marine life, and investigates the impact of oil spills from historical case studies.
Full Description
EMERGENCY RESPONSE MANAGEMENT OF OFFSHORE Examines the Deepwater Horizon disaster and offers processes for safety and environmental protection
Though renewable energy is a growing piece of the energy "pie," fossil fuels still dominate our energy supplies and will continue to do so for decades. This makes offshore drilling, especially in places like the Gulf of Mexico and North Sea, extremely important for the future of the world's energy supply. Unfortunately, the world has been witnessing, over and over again, accidents, deadly explosions, spills, and environmental disasters that could have been avoided with proper safety and environmental processes put in place. The Deepwater Horizon catastrophe is the largest offshore oil spill in U.S. history and an ecological nightmare of epic proportions. Emergency Response Management of Offshore Oil Spills aids in the response of this and future disasters by providing this handy reference volume for engineers, managers, and other emergency responders.
This timely publication outlines the toxic nature of crude oil, covering properties of crude oil, chemical composition, toxicity to humans and marine life, and investigates the impact of oil spills from historical case studies. The current arsenals available to address oil spills, such as dispersants, absorbing booms, skimming, and other methods, are also discussed. Technologies that are rapidly being developed to address the Gulf Oil Spill are considered, along with extensive information on chemical protective clothing, air monitoring, respiratory protection, management of waste, and much more. The book concludes with a chapter discussing responsible care and takes a critical look at the reasons why the Deepwater Horizon rig catastrophe happened and examines the follow-up that ensued after the incident.
Emergency Response Management of Offshore Oil Spills provides:
Examples of 26 major oil spills ranked from largest to smallest, describing each incident and the amount of oil spilled
Recommendations and guidance on proper air monitoring methods
Suggestions related to protective garments such as respirators
Comparative product information on chemical dispersants, shoreline bleaching and cleaning chemicals
Detailed toxicity data for humans and marine life
Discussions in the areas of deficiencies in responding to spills and why the oil industry needs to be more responsive to developing technologies
Hazardous materials protocols, including OSHA- and EPA- recommended safe work practices for dealing with hazardous materials
Contents
Preface ix 1. Toxic Nature of Crude Oil 1
1.1 High Risk Areas 1
1.2 Potential Impacts 7
1.3 Definitions 8
1.4 Examples of Historical Oil Spills and Their Impacts 10
2. Origins of Spills 37
2.1 Offshore Drilling 37
2.2 Case Study 44
3. Use of Chemical Dispersants 55
3.1 Dispersants 55
3.2 Methods of Applicaion 60
3.3 Types of Dispensants and Commerical Products 62
4. Combating Spills at the Shoreline 93
4.1 Chemical Warfare 93
4.2 Booms and Barriers 157
5. Emerging Technologies 237
5.1 Clean World Innovations and EncapSol 237
5.2 Centrifuges 243
5.3 Skimmers and Response Vessels 244
6. Spill Response and Worker Protection 247
6.1 Countermeasure Options 247
6.2 Spill Response Protocols and Strategies 271
6.3 Worker Protection 336
6.4 The Oil Spill Response Plan 420
6.5 Air Monitoring 429
7. Standard of Care and The BP Oil Spill 443
7.1 The Impacts 443
7.2 The Waxman/Stupak Letter 449
7.3 Standard of Care 462
Index 509
About the Authors 531
