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Full Description
Advanced Petroleum Reservoir Simulation
Add precision and ease to the process of reservoir simulation. Until simulation software and other methods of reservoir characterization were developed, engineers had to drill numerous wells to find the best way to extract crude oil and natural gas. Today, even with highly sophisticated reservoir simulations software available, reservoir simulation still involves a great deal of guesswork. Advanced Petroleum Reservoir Simulation provides an advanced approach to petroleum reservoir simulation, taking the guesswork out of the process and relying more thoroughly on science and what is known about the individual reservoir.
This state of the art publication in petroleum simulation: *
Describes solution techniques that allow multiple solutions to the complete equations, without linearization. *
Solves the most difficult reservoir engineering problems such as viscous fingering. *
Highlights the importance of non-linear solvers on decision tree with scientific argument. *
Discusses solution schemes in relation to other disciplines and revolutionizes risk analysis and decision making.*
Includes companion software with 3-D, 3-phase multipurpose simulator code available for download from www.scrivenerpublishing.com. *
By providing a valuable tool to support reservoir simulation predictions with real science, this book is an essential reference for engineers, scientists and geologists.
Contents
Foreword.
Introduction.
1. Reservoir Simulation Background.
1.1 Essence of Reservoir Simulation.
1.2 Assumptions Behind Various Modeling Approaches.
1.3 Material Balance Equation.
1.4 Recent Advances in Reservoir Simulation.
1.5 Future Challenges in Reservoir Simulation.
1.6 Economic Models Based on Futuristic Energy Pricing Policies.
1.7 Integrated System of Monitoring, Environmental Impact and Economics.
2. Reservoir Simulator-input/output.
2.1 Input and Output Data.
2.2 Geological and Geophysical Modeling.
2.3 Reservoir Characterization.
2.4 Upscaling.
2.5 Pressure/Production data.
2.6 Reservoir Simulator Output.
2.7 History-matching.
2.8 Real-time Monitoring.
3. Reservoir Simulators: Problems, Shortcomings, and Some Solution Techniques.
3.1 Multiple Solutions in Natural Phenomena.
3.2 Adomian Decomposition.
3.3 Some Remarks on Multiple Solutions.
4. Mathematical Formulation of Reservoir Simulation Problems.
4.1 Black Oil Model and Compositional Model.
4.2 General Purpose Compositional Model.
4.3 Simplification of the General Compositional Model.
4.4 Some Examples in Application of the General Compositional Model.
5. The Compositional Simulator Using the Engineering Approach.
5.1 Finite Control Volume Method.
5.2 Uniform Temperature Reservoir Compositional Flow Equations in a 1-D Domain.
5.3 Compositional Mass Balance Equation in a Multidimensional Domain.
5.4 Variable Temperature Reservoir Compositional Flow Equations.
5.5 Solution Method.
5.6 The Effects of Linearization.
6. A Comprehensive Material Balance Equation for Oil Recovery.
6.1 Background.
6.2 Permeability Alteration.
6.3 Porosity Alteration.
6.4 Pore Volume Change.
6.5 A Comprehensive MBE with Memory for Cumulative Oil Recovery.
6.6 Numerical Simulation.
6.7 Appendix 6A: Development of an MBE for a Compressible Undersaturated Oil Reservoir.
7. Modeling Viscous Fingering During Miscible Displacement in a Reservoir.
7.1 Improvement of the Numerical Scheme.
7.2 Application of the New Numerical Scheme to Viscous Fingering.
8. Towards Modeling Knowledge and Sustainable Petroleum Production.
8.1 Essence of Knowledge, Science, and Emulation.
8.2 The Knowledge Dimension.
8.3 Examples of Linearization and Linear Thinking.
8.4 The Single-Parameter Criterion.
8.5 The Conservation of Mass and Energy.
8.6 The Criterion: The Switch that Determines the Direction at a Bifurcation Point.
8.7 The Need for Multidimensional Study.
8.8 Assessing the Overall Performance of a Process.
8.9 Implications of Knowledge-Based Analysis.
8.10 Examples of Knowledge-Based Simulation.
9. Final Conclusions.
Appendix A User s Manual for Multi-Purpose Simulator for Field Applications (MPSFFA, Version 1-15).
A.1 Introduction.
A.2 The Simulator.
A.3 Data File Preparation.
A.4 Description of Variables Used in Preparing a Data File.
A.5 Instructions to Run Simulator and Graphic Post Processor on PC.
A.6 Limitations Imposed on the Compiled Versions.
A.7 Example of a Prepared Data File.
References.
Index.
