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Full Description
This guide provides an overview of methods for estimating the characteristics of vapor cloud explosions, flash fires, and boiling-liquid-expanding-vapor explosions (BLEVEs) for practicing engineers. It has been updated to include advanced modeling technology, especially with respect to vapor cloud modeling and the use of computational fluid dynamics. The text also reviews past experimental and theoretical research and methods to estimate consequences. Heavily illustrated with photos, charts, tables, and diagrams, this manual is an essential tool for safety, insurance, regulatory, and engineering students and professionals.
Contents
List of Tables. List of Figures.
Glossary.
Acknowledgements.
1. INTRODUCTION.
2. MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW.
2.1. Flash Fires.
2.2. Vapor Cloud Explosions.
2.3. Pressure Vessel Bursts.
2.4. BLEVEs.
2.5. Prediction methodologies.
3. CASE HISTORIES.
3.1. Historical experience.
3.2. Flash fires.
3.3. Vapor Cloud Explosions.
3.4. Pressure Vessel Burst.
3.5. BLEVE.
4. BASIC CONCEPTS.
4.1. Atmospheric Vapor Cloud Dispersion.
4.2. Ignition.
4.3. Thermal Radiation.
4.4. Explosions — VCE.
4.5. Blast Effects.
5. FLASH FIRES.
5.1. Overview of Experimental Research.
5.2. Flash-Fire Radiation Models.
5.3. Sample Calculations.
6. VAPOR CLOUD EXPLOSIONS.
6.1. Introduction.
6.2. Vapor Cloud Deflagration Theory and Research.
6.3. Vapor Cloud Detonation Theory and Research.
6.4. VCE Prediction Methods.
6.5. Sample problems.
7. PRESSURE VESSEL BURSTS.
7.1. Mechanism of a PVB.
7.2. Scaling Laws Used in PVB Analyses.
7.3. Blast Eeffects of Pressure-Vessel Bursts.
7.4. Methods for Predicting Blast Effects from Vessel Bursts.
7.5. Fragments from a PVB.
7.6. Predicting Fragment Effects from Vessel Bursts.
8. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF BLEVES.
8.1. Introduction.
8.2. Definition of a BLEVE.
8.3. Theory.
8.4. BLEVE Consequences.
8.5. Analytical Models.
8.6. Sample Problems.
9. REFERENCES.
APPENDIX A: VIEW FACTORS FOR SELECTED CONFIGURATIONS.
APPENDIX B: TABULATION OF SOME GAS PROPERTIES IN METRIC UNITS.
APPENDIX C: CONVERSION FACTORS TO SI FOR SELECTED QUANTITIES.
