Full Description
Moving Toward Nonanimal Approaches in Medical Research and Testing pioneers a single-source guide for researchers regarding nonanimal research tools and methodologies and their many advantages and applications in place of animals. This book is presented in three parts: historical, ethical, legislative, and scientific contexts on the need to shift away from animal-based research and testing; the latest advances in nonanimal tools and methods for biomedical research and testing of human therapeutics and other compounds, including microphysiological systems, bioprinting, biobanks, and artificial intelligence; and achieving a practical shift toward these powerful approaches, including advocacy for legal, regulatory, and policy change, securing funding for nonanimal studies, and how to overcome bias against nonanimal methods. This book, primarily directed to researchers in biomedicine, human medical therapeutics, and toxicology, will also appeal to researchers in industry, providing overview and insights about the latest applications of nonanimal research tools and methods for product development and testing. Clinicians who wish to understand the reliability of testing therapeutics with nonanimal versus animal methods, as well as advocacy groups seeking an up-to-date understanding of ethical, economic, political, and scientific considerations in moving toward nonanimal approaches, will also find significant value in this text. Finally, legislators and those involved in regulatory review and oversight will benefit from this single comprehensive source for developing a basic understanding of nonanimal research and human safety.
Contents
PART 1: THE NEED TO MOVE AWAY FROM ANIMAL-BASED RESEARCH AND TESTING: HISTORICAL, ETHICAL, LEGISLATIVE, AND SCIENTIFIC CONTEXT
1. Philosophical and religious foundations of animal-based research
2. Legislative history of animal-based research
3. Lack of reliability, validity, translatability of animal-based research
4. Animal, financial, and human costs of animal research
5. The individual and systemic preference for animal-based methods: Animal methods bias in publishing and funding
PART 2: ADVANCES IN NONANIMAL METHODS FOR RESEARCH AND TESTING
6. Organoids
7. Microphysiological systems
8. In Silico modeling, supercomputing
9. Bioprinting
10. Other potential topics
11. Human subjects as alternatives to animal subjects in medical research
PART 3: ACHIEVING A PRACTICAL SHIFT TOWARD NONANIMAL-BASED RESEARCH AND TESTING
12. Mitigation efforts in the United States: Overcoming the inertia against nonanimal research
13. International Mitigation efforts: Overcoming the inertia against nonanimal research
14. The industry perspective
15. Getting grants for nonanimal studies
16. Publishing nonanimal studies
17. Building trust in nonanimal methods through standardization, validation, benchmarking, reporting
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