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Full Description
This volume presents the first substantial exploration of crusading and masculinity, focusing on the varied ways in which the symbiotic relationship between the two was made manifest in a range of medieval settings and sources, and to what ends. Ideas about masculinity formed an inherent part of the mindset of societies in which crusading happened, and of the conceptual framework informing both those who recorded the events and those who participated. Examination and interrogation of these ideas enables a better contextualised analysis of how those events were experienced, comprehended and portrayed. The collection is structured around five themes: sources and models; contrasting masculinities; emasculation and transgression; masculinity and religiosity and kingship and chivalry. By incorporating masculinity within their analysis of the crusades and of crusaders the contributors demonstrate how such approaches greatly enhance our understanding of crusading as an ideal, an institution and an experience. Individual essays consider western campaigns to the Middle East and Islamic responses; events and sources from the Iberian peninsula and Prussia are also interrogated and re-examined, thus enabling cross-cultural comparison of the meanings attached to medieval manhood. The collection also highlights the value of employing gender as a vital means of assessing relationships between different groups of men, whose values and standards of behaviour were socially and culturally constructed in distinct ways.
Contents
List of Contents
Acknowledgements
Contributor's Biographies
Introduction
By Natasha R. Hodgson, Katherine J. Lewis and Matthew M. Mesley.
Sources and Models
1. Christoph T. Maier, 'Propaganda and masculinity: gendering the crusades in thirteenth-century sermons'.
2. Simon Thomas Parsons, 'The valiant man and the villain in the tradition of the Gesta Francorum: overeating, taunts and Bohemond's heroic status.'
3. Mathew Barber, 'Al-Afḍal B. Badr Al-Jamālī, The Vizierate and the Fatiid Response to the First Crusade: Masculinity in Historical Memory.'
4. Anne-Lydie Dubois, 'The adolescent and the crusader: journey and rebirth on the path to manhood in the thirteenth century.'
Contrasting Masculinities
5. Yvonne Friedman, 'Masculine Attributes of the Other: The Shared Knightly Model.'
6. Helen J. Nicholson, 'The true gentleman? Correct behavior towards women according to Christian and Muslim writers during the period of the crusades.'
7. Alan V. Murray, 'Contrasting masculinities in the crusades against Lithuania: Teutonic knights and crusades in war and recreation in late medieval Prussia.'
8. James Doherty, '"You stayed at home as though you were the daughter of your father": gendered insults and crusading masculinities in medieval sagas'.
Emasculation and Transgression
9. Joanna Phillips, 'Crusader masculinities in health crises, 1095-1274.'
10. Susan B. Edgington, 'Emasculating the enemy: Wicher the Swabian's fight with the Saracen giant'.
11. Niall Christie, 'Fighting women in the crusading period through Muslim eyes: transgressing expectations and facing realities'.
Masculinity and Religiosity
12. Natasha R. Hodgson, 'Leading the people "as duke, count and father": the masculinities of Abbot Martin of Paris in Gunther of Paris' Hystoria Constantinopolitana.'
13. Beth Spacey, ' "Unus contra omnes": representing martyrdom and masculinities in the Itinerarium Peregrinorum et Gesta Regis Ricardi'.
14. Linda Jones, 'Mediterranean Masculinities? Reflections of Muslim and Christian Manliness in Medieval Iberian Crusade and Jihad Narratives'.
15. Erika Tritle, 'A Jewish solution to the problem of excessive Christian virility in the war against Spanish Islam'.
Chivalry and Kingship
16. Matthew M. Mesley, 'Performing Plantagenet Kingship: Crusading and Masculinity in Matthew Paris's Chronica Majora'.
17. David Cantor-Echols, 'Kingship on crusade in the Chronicle and Poem of Alfonso XI of Castile'.
18. Katherine J. Lewis, '...doo as this noble prynce Godeffroy of boloyne dyde: Chivalry, Masculinity and Crusading in late Medieval England.'
19. Robert B. Desjardins, 'Lest his men mutter against him': Chivalry and artifice in a Burgundian crusade chronicle'.
Afterword
Ruth Mazo Karras
Index
