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Full Description
Glaciers and ice sheets have been melting significantly during recent decades, posing environmental threats at local, regional and global scales. Changes in glaciers are one of the clearest indicators of alterations in regional climate, since they are governed by changes in accumulation (from snowfall) and ablation (by melting of ice). Glacier changes have been measured for the last century by traditional field measurements, resulting in long time series for a few glaciers. Remote sensing data and methods, and geographic information systems, provide the means to allow glacier changes to be monitored at a global scale, to be analysed rapidly and to store the results and present information to both scientific and popular audiences in a way which was not possible before the digital revolution. Remote sensing of glaciers began with terrestrial and aerial photography during the middle of the 20th century, but today the discipline embraces a large variety of data types from laser scanner data to very high resolution satellite imagery, which can be applied to the mapping of glacier changes in terms of area, surface zonation or thickness. This book highlights the history of the remote sensing of glaciers, the physics of glaciers and remote sensing of them, and focuses particularly on modern data and methods used by remote sensing specialists and glaciologists. The book presents examples of glacier research carried out, for example in the Alps, Norway, Iceland, Caucasus, Patagonia, Rocky Mountains, Pakistan, Antarctica, New Zealand, and Svalbard.
This book is of interest to specialists and students working in the field of remote sensing, glaciology, physical geography, geology and climate change.
Contents
Foreword, Acknowledgments, Author biography, Preface: Remote sensing of glaciers - glaciological research using remote sensing, Abbreviations, 1 Principles of remote sensing, 2 The formation and dynamics of glaciers, 3 Glacier parameters monitored using remote sensing, 4 The early history of remote sensing of glaciers, 5 Physics of glacier remote sensing, 6 Terrestrial photogrammetry in glacier studies, 7 Aerial photogrammetry in glacier studies, 8 Optical remote sensing of glacier extent, 9 SAR imaging of glaciers, 10 Airborne laser scanning in glacier studies, 11 Ground-penetrating radar in glaciological applications, 12 Detection and visualization of glacier area changes, 13 Detection of distortions in digital elevation models: simultaneous data acquisition at Hintereisferner glacier, 14 Accuracy aspects in topographical change detection of glacier surface, 15 The role of remote sensing in worldwide glacier monitoring, 16 Conclusions, Copyrights for figures, Authors, Reviewers, Subject index, Colour plates
