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基本説明
Based on fresh translations of historical documents, this volume offers a revealing look at Japan during the time of the Tokugawa shoguns from 1638-1858, focusing on the day-to-day lives of both the rich and powerful and ordinary citizens.
Full Description
Based on fresh translations of historical documents, this volume offers a revealing look at Japan during the time of the Tokugawa shoguns from 1600-1868, focusing on the day-to-day lives of both the rich and powerful and ordinary citizens.
Voices of Early Modern Japan: Contemporary Accounts of Daily Life during the Age of the Shoguns spans an extraordinary period of Japanese history, ranging from the unification of the warring states under Tokugawa Ieyasu in the early 17th century to the overthrow of the shogunate just prior to the mid-19th century opening of Japan by the West.
Through close examinations of sources from a time known as "The Great Peace," this fascinating volume offers fresh insights into the Tokugawa era—its political institutions, rigid class hierarchy, artistic and material culture, religious life, and more. Sources come from all levels of Japanese society, everything from government documents and household records to personal correspondence and diaries, all carefully translated and examined in light of the latest scholarship.
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
Introduction: The Shogun's Japan
Evaluating and Interpreting Primary Documents
Timeline of Japanese History from the Mid-Sixteenth Century through the Tokugawa Period, 1543-1868
Documents of the Shogun's Japan
The Domestic Sphere
1. Getting Married: "Agreement Regarding a Dowry" (1815)
2. Obtaining a Divorce: An Appeal for Assistance (1850) and Letters of Divorce (1857, undated)
3. The Consequences of Adultery: "The Eavesdropper Whose Ears Were Burned" (1686)
4. A Woman's Place: Onna Daigaku (The Greater Learning for Women, 1716) and Tadano Makuzu's Hitori Kangae (Solitary Thoughts, 1818)
Material Life
5. Regulating Fashion and Consumption: Ihara Saikaku's The Japanese Family Storehouse (Nippon eitai gura, 1688); List of Prohibitions Concerning Clothing for Edo Townsmen (1719)
6. Samurai Dress and Grooming Standards: Prohibitions of 1615 and 1645
7. Lunisolar Calendar: Calendar for Seventh Year of Kaei (1854): Samurai in Armor
8. Japanese Foodways and Diet: The Accounts of Joao Rodrigues (1620-1621), Yamakawa Kikue (1943), and Edo hanjôki (1832-1836)
9. The Communal Bath: Shikitei Sanba's "The Women's Bath" (Ukiyoburo, 1810)
10. The Japanese Home: Carl Peter Thunberg's Travels in Europe, Asia and Africa Made during the Years 1770 and 1779 (1791)
The Political Sphere
11. A Foreigner's View of the Battle of Osaka: Richard Cocks's Account of the Fall of Osaka Castle (1615)
12. Forging Political Order: "Laws for the Military Houses" (1615, 1635)
13. The Emperor and the Kyoto Aristocracy: "Regulations for the Imperial Palace and the Court Nobility" (1615)
14. Weapons Control in Japanese Society: Toyotomi Hideyoshi's "Sword Hunt" (1588) and "A Local Edo Ordinance Regarding Swords" (1648)
15. Self-Governance in Villages: Goningumi (Five-Household Group) Laws (1640)
16. Regulating Townspeople in Two Cities: City Code from Kanazawa (1642) and Notice Board in Edo (1711)
Foreign Relations
17. Regulating Foreign Relations: The "Closed Country Edicts" (sakoku rei, 1635, 1639)
18. Tokugawa Japan and Choson Korea: "The Diary of Shin Yu-han" (1719)
19. Leaving a Window Open to the Western World: Letter from a Nagasaki Official to the Dutch Governor General (1642)
20. A Dutch Audience with the Shogun: Englebert Kaempfer's The History of Japan (1692)
21. Sizing Up the Foreign Threat: Aizawa Seishisai's Shinron (New Theses, 1825)
Social and Economic Life
22. The Social Estates: Yamaga Sokô on "The Way of the Samurai" (shidô)
23. Trying to Get by on a Fixed Income: The Economic Problems Facing the Samurai, as Seen in a Letter from Tani Tannai to Saitaniya Hachirôbei Naomasu (1751) and a Statement from Three Village Leaders to a Tokugawa Bannerman (1856)
24. The Samurai and Death: An Account of Junshi from Francois Caron's A True Description of the Mighty Kingdoms of Japan and Siam (1636)
25. Private Vengeance among Samurai: "A Letter from a Daimyo's Official in Echigo Province to an Official of the Tokugawa Shogunate" and "A Letter of Authorization" (1828)
26. Rules of Merchant Houses: "The Testament of Shimai Sôshitsu" (1610) and "The Code of the Okaya House" (1836)
27. Dealing with Deviant Behavior: "A Letter of Apology" (1866)
28. Loans among the Peasantry: "Rice Borrowed" (1702)
29. Unrest in the Countryside: A Song in Memory of a Protest (1786) and Petition to the Lord of Sendai from the Peasants of the Sanhei (1853)
30. Outcastes in Tokugawa Society: A Report from the Head of All Eta and Hinin (undated) and an Inquiry by the Edo City Magistrates to the Tokugawa Council of State Regarding the Forfeiture of the Property of an Eta Who Assumed the Status of a Commoner (1799)
Recreational Life
31. Advice to Travelers in the Edo Period: Ryokô Yôjinshû (Precautions for Travelers, 1810)
32. Documentation for Travel: "Sekisho Transit Permit" (1706) and "A Passport" (1782)
33. Children and Their Amusements: The Journal of Francis Hall (1859)
34. The Tea Ceremony: Chikamatsu Shigenori's Stories from a Tearoom Window (1804)
35. Archery and the Martial Arts: Hinatsu Shirôzaemon Shigetaka's Honchô Bugei Shôden (A Short Tale of the Martial Arts in Our Country, 1714)
36. Courtesans and the Sex Trade: Ihara Saikaku's The Life of an Amorous Man (Koshoku ichidai otoko, 1682) and Buyô Ishi's An Account of Worldly Affairs (Seji kenmonroku, 1816)
37. A Hero for the Masses: The Kabuki Play Sukeroku: Flower of Edo (1713)
Religion and Morality
38. Preaching to the People: A Sermon by Hosoi Heishû (1783)
39. Anti-Christian Propaganda: Kirishitan monogatari (1639)
40. Controlling the Populace: Registers of Religious Affiliation (1804)
41. Religious Views of the Japanese: Sir Rutherford Alcock's The Capital of the Tycoon (1863)
42. The Teachings of Zen Buddhism: Suzuki Shôsan's Roankyô (Donkey-Saddle Bridge, 1648) and Hakuin Ekaku's Sokkô-roku Kaien-fusetsu (Talks Given Introductory to Zen Lectures on the Records of Sokkô, 1740)
Appendix 1: Biographical Sketches of Important Individuals Mentioned in Text
Appendix 2: Glossary of Terms Mentioned in Text
Bibliography
Index
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