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Full Description
"Nanotechnology" is now very well known as one of the most important key technologies in science and industry. In the field of material science and engineering, nanoparticles should be unit materials, as well as atoms and molecules, to build ceramics, devices, catalysts, and machines, and the "nanoparticle technology" is thus attracting. This novel technology includes various methodologies for nanoparticles: preparation, surface-modification via chemical and/or physical treatments, immobilization and arrangement on supports or substrates, to achieve high performance for luminescence properties in light emitting devices, and high efficiency for catalytic and photocatalytic reactions in chemical synthesis, chemical decomposition, and artificial photosynthesis, etc. It should be needless to say that the preparation of nanoparticles, having precisely controlled particle size, size distribution, chemical composition, and surface properties, is essentially important to realize "true nanoparticle technology". This book, written by Dr. Dibyendu Ganguli and Dr. Munia Ganguli, deals with the preparation methodologies for inorganic nanoparticles using macro- and microemulsions as "microreactor". There are several differences between these two emulsions, in addition to water droplet size: thermodynamic stability, and fusion-redispersion dynamics of the droplets. The properties of the nanoparticles prepared in these emulsion systems are seriously influenced and controlled by the selection of dynamic and static conditions.
Contents
1. Emulsions: A General Introduction.- 1.1. Introduction.- 1.2. The Interface.- 1.3. Stability of an Emulsion.- 1.4. The Oil Phase.- 1.5. The Water Phase.- 1.6. The Surfactant Phase.- 1.7. The Process of Emulsification.- 2. Surfactants and Micelle Formation.- 2.1. Introduction.- 2.2. Surfactants: A Broad Classification and General Features.- 2.3. The Critical Micelle Concentration.- 2.4. Factors Involved in Micelle Formation.- 2.5. The Nature of Equilibrium in Micellar Aggregates.- 2.6. Geometrical Factors Determining the Micellar Shape.- 2.7. Conversion of Spherical Micelles to other Forms: Chemical Factors.- 3. Microemulsions: Some Basic Concepts.- 3.1. Introduction.- 3.2. Phase Behavior in Surfactant-Oil-Water Systems.- 3.3. Preparation of Microemulsions.- 3.4. Factors Affecting Water Solubilization in Reverse Micelles.- 3.5. Nature of Water in Reverse Microemulsions.- 3.6. Control of the Water Pool Size in Reverse Microemulsions.- 3.7. Interactions Among Water Pools in Reverse Microemulsions.- 4. Particle Formation From Macroemulsions: A Survey.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. A Summary of Synthetic Methods.- 4.3. Particles from Emulsions.- 4.4. Controls in Synthesis.- 5. Particle Formation From Microemulsions: A Survey.- 5.1. Introduction.- 5.2. A Summary of Synthetic Methods.- 5.3. Tailoring of Particle Size and Shape.- 5.4. Particles from Microemulsions.- 5.5. Factors Controlling Particle Polydispersity.- 6. Applicabilities of the Processes and the Products: A Summary.- 6.1. Introduction.- 6.2. Macroemulsion-Mediated Synthesis.- 6.3. Applications of Macroemulsion-Generated Particles.- 6.4. Microemulsion-Mediated Synthesis.- 6.5. Applications of Microemulsion-Generated Particles.- References.
