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Full Description
How do science and technology issues become important to a particular presidency? Which issues gain priority? How? Why? What is the role of the presidency in the adoption of national policies affecting science and technology? In their implementation? How does the presidency try to curtail certain programs? Eliminate others? Or rescue programs Congress might seek to terminate? How does implementation vary between a president's own program and one that is inherited?
Such are the questions raised in this book, one of the first to address the relationship between scientists, few of whom have political backgrounds, and presidents, few of whom are knowledgeable in matters of science and technology. Drawing on extensive research performed at the Lyndon B. Johnson Library in Austin, Texas, and the National Archives in Washington, as well as on secondary sources and interviews, W. Henry Lambright describes, discusses, and analyzes this relationship and shows how one presidency set its agenda, adopted, implemented, and curtailed or eliminated science and technology programs.
Twenty-four case studies of specific decision processes occurring in the era of Lyndon Johnson anchor the book in the world of real events. Some programs adopted under Johnson are now all but forgotten, such as the Manned Orbiting Laboratory, nuclear desalting, and electronic barrier. The effects of many more, initiated, maintained, or enlarged under LBJ, lasted far beyond his administration. These include environmental pollution control, Project Apollo, and the application of Agent Orange in Vietnam. Finally, there are those that were redirected, placed on hold, or terminated under Johnson, such as the supersonic transport, antiballistic missile, and Project Mohole.
In this important book, Lambright has provided a framework for analyzing how the presidency as an institution deals with such issues, and he has established a strong foundation on which all future students of presidential policy management can build.
Contents
Foreword
Preface
1. Introduction
The Problem
Central Issues
The Johnson Presidency
The Approach
The Cases
2. Agenda Setting
The Temporary Agenda
The Emergent Agenda
The Priority Agenda
Conclusion
3. Adoption
Acquiescence
Partnership
Arbitration
Preemption
Conclusion
4. Implementing the New
Protection
Monitoring
Coordination
Structuring
Displacement
Conclusion
5. Carrying Out the Old
Maintaining
Reorienting
Escalating
Decelerating
Conclusion
6. Curtailing Science and Technology
Arrestment
Reduction
Retrenchment
Rejection
Termination
Conclusion
7. Conclusion
Scientific Research
Technological Development
Technological Applications
Actors
Central Issues
Notes
Index
