Full Description
How we can invent—but not predict—the future of cities.
We cannot predict future cities, but we can invent them. Cities are largely unpredictable because they are complex systems that are more like organisms than machines. Neither the laws of economics nor the laws of mechanics apply; cities are the product of countless individual and collective decisions that do not conform to any grand plan. They are the product of our inventions; they evolve. In Inventing Future Cities, Michael Batty explores what we need to understand about cities in order to invent their future.
Batty outlines certain themes—principles—that apply to all cities. He investigates not the invention of artifacts but inventive processes. Today form is becoming ever more divorced from function; information networks now shape the traditional functions of cities as places of exchange and innovation. By the end of this century, most of the world's population will live in cities, large or small, sometimes contiguous, and always connected; in an urbanized world, it will be increasingly difficult to define a city by its physical boundaries.
Batty discusses the coming great transition from a world with few cities to a world of all cities; argues that future cities will be defined as clusters in a hierarchy; describes the future "high-frequency," real-time streaming city; considers urban sprawl and urban renewal; and maps the waves of technological change, which grow ever more intense and lead to continuous innovation—an unending process of creative destruction out of which future cities will emerge.
Contents
TOC:
Preface ix
Image Credits xiii
1 Predictability, Complexity, and Inventing the Future 1
2 The Great Transition 19
3 Defining Cities 41
4 Form Follows Function--Or Does It? 69
5 The Pulse of the City 101
6 Outward, Inward, and Upward: Suburbs to Skyscrapers 131
7 The Sixth Kondratieff: The Age of the Smart City 165
8 The Inventive Century 193
Notes 221
Bibliography 253
Name Index 269
Subject Index 273
