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Full Description
Informative, yet engaging - viewpoints of personality psychologists todayWritten in an informal, conversational style, Carver and Scheier engage students by helping them understand how various perspectives of the field of personality can apply to their own lives.This book describes a range of viewpoints that are used by personality psychologists today. Each perspective on personality is presented in a pair of chapters, introduced by a prologue that provides an overview of that perspective's orienting assumptions and core themes. By starting with these orienting assumptions, you'll be placed right inside the thought processes of the theorists, as you go on to read the chapters themselves. Each chapter concludes with a discussion of current problems within that theoretical viewpoint and the authors' analysis about its future prospects. The result is a book that is engaging and enjoyable as well as informative.Learning GoalsUpon completing this book, readers should be able to:Identify the ideas that form each theoretical viewpoint Understand the importance of research and why the role of research stresses the fact that personality psychology is a living, dynamic process of ongoing scientific exploration See how each perspective reflects fundamental assumptions about human nature and how behavior problems can arise and be treated from each perspective Understand how the different viewpoints relate to each other and the usefulness of blending theoretical viewpoints, treating theories as complementary, rather than competing
Contents
IN THIS SECTION:1.) BRIEF2.) COMPREHENSIVEChapter 1: What Is Personality Psychology?Chapter 2: Methods in the Study of PersonalityChapter 3: Issues in Personality AssessmentChapter 4: The Trait PerspectiveChapter 5: The Motive PerspectiveChapter 6: Genetics, Evolution, and PersonalityChapter 7: Biological Processes and PersonalityChapter 8: The Psychoanalytic PerspectiveChapter 9: Psychosocial TheoriesChapter 10: The Learning PerspectiveChapter 11: Self-Actualization and Self-DeterminationChapter 12: The Cognitive PerspectiveChapter 13: The Self-Regulation PerspectiveChapter 14: Personality in Perspective: Overlap and IntegrationChapter 1: What Is Personality Psychology?Defining PersonalityTheory in Personality PsychologyPerspectives on PersonalityOrganization within Chapters Chapter 2: Methods in the Study of PersonalityGathering InformationEstablishing Relationships among VariablesChapter 3: Issues in Personality AssessmentSources of InformationReliability of MeasurementValidity of MeasurementTwo Rationales behind the Development of Assessment DevicesBetter Assessment: A Never-Ending SearchChapter 4: The Trait PerspectiveTypes and TraitsWhat Traits Matter?The Five-Factor Model: The Basic Dimensions of Personality?Reflections of the Five Factors in BehaviorRelations to Earlier Trait ModelsOther VariationsTraits, Situations, and InteractionismInteractionism becomes a New Trait View: Context-Dependent Expression of PersonalityAssessmentProblems in Behavior, and Behavior ChangeTrait Psychology: Problems and ProspectsChapter 5: The Motive PerspectiveBasic Theoretical ElementsNeeds, Motives, and PersonalityStudies of Specific Dispositional MotivesImplicit and Self-Attributed MotivesApproach and Avoidance MotivesMotives and the Five Factor Trait ModelPersonology and the Study of NarrativesAssessmentProblems in Behavior, and Behavior ChangeMotive Theories: Problems and ProspectsChapter 6: Genetics, Evolution, and PersonalityDetermining Genetic Influence on PersonalityWhat Personality Qualities are Genetically Influenced?New Approaches to Genetics and PersonalityEnvironmental EffectsEvolution and Human BehaviorAssessmentProblems in Behavior, and Behavior ChangeGenetics and Evolution: Problems and ProspectsChapter 7: Biological Processes and PersonalityEarly Ideas: Eysenck's Views on Brain FunctionsIncentive Approach SystemBehavioral Avoidance, or Withdrawal SystemRelating Approach and Avoidance Systems to Traits or TemperamentsA Third Dimension: Sensation Seeking, Constraint, and Effortful ControlHormones and PersonalityAssessmentProblems in Behavior, and Behavior ChangeBiological Processes and Personality: Problems and ProspectsChapter 8: The Psychoanalytic PerspectiveBasic ThemesThe Topographical Model of MindAspects of Personality: The Structural ModelMotivation: The Drives of PersonalityAnxiety and Mechanisms of DefensePsychosexual DevelopmentExposing the UnconsciousAssessment: Projective TechniquesProblems in Behavior, and Behavior ChangeThe Psychoanalytic Perspective: Problems and ProspectsChapter 9: Psychosocial TheoriesObject Relations TheoriesAttachment Theory and PersonalityErikson's Theory of Psychosocial DevelopmentAssessmentProblems in Behavior, and Behavior ChangePsychosocial Theories: Problems and ProspectsChapter 10: The Learning PerspectiveClassical ConditioningInstrumental ConditioningSocial and Cognitive VariationsObservational LearningModeling of Aggression and the Issue of Media ViolenceAssessmentProblems in Behavior, and Behavior ChangeThe Learning Prospective: Problems and ProspectsChapter 11: Self-Actualization and Self-DeterminationSelf-ActualizationSelf-DeterminationThe Self and Processes of DefenseSelf-Actualization and Maslow's Hierarchy of MotivesExistential Psychology: Being and DeathAssessmentProblems in Behavior, and Behavior ChangeSelf-Actualization and Self-Determination: Problems and ProspectsChapter 12: The Cognitive PerspectiveRepresenting Your Experience of the WorldActivation of MemoriesConnectionist Views of Mental OrganizationBroader Views on Cognition and PersonalityAssessmentProblems in Behavior, and Behavior ChangeThe Cognitive Perspective: Problems and ProspectsChapter 13: The Self-Regulation PerspectiveFrom Cognition to BehaviorSelf-Regulation and Feedback ControlFurther Themes in Self-RegulationAssessmentProblems in Behavior, and Behavior ChangeThe Self-Regulation Perspective: Problems and ProspectsChapter 14: Personality in Perspective: Overlap and IntegrationSimilarities among PerspectivesRecurrent Themes, Viewed from Different AnglesCombining PerspectivesWhich Theory is Best?
