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Full Description
India is in transition. It is simultaneously passing through a number of economic transformations, some of them historically momentous. The driving forces for some of the changes are peculiar to the nation, or even to particular sectors. But others are shared with other parts of the world and are influenced by international pressures and examples. This book analyses an ongoing economic transformation in the natural gas sector, which exemplifies the main question
underlying policy debates: how to make the transition to a more efficient economy, whilst meeting distributional objectives that are imperative to bringing India's population out of poverty. This is a classic dilemma encountered in any economy in transition, and the experience in India's natural gas
sector offers an insight into potential solutions. The transition in the gas sector is part of the larger movement of the economy from a centrally planned and administered system to one based on market principles. During transition, the situation cannot be understood simply in terms of the conventional paradigm of demand and supply being balanced by price. Demand and supply are influenced by different factors, but have been kept broadly in balance by a complex system of administered pricing and
quantitative allocation. The resulting distortions have been spread across the main gas consuming sectors. As distortions mount, parts of the system are modified, usually in the broad direction of liberalisation and reform. But partial reform often has the effect of displacing the problems,
presenting further challenges, and requiring further changes. In order to allow for a liberalised policy framework without sacrificing social objectives, policy makers have had to evolve newer forms of policy implementation, including, perhaps, more targeted forms of subsidisation.
This book is the first to meticulously explore these challenges and analyse the existing policy framework in the gas sector, including the system of awarding acreages, the systems of gas allocation and pricing, and the likely demand and supply scenarios for domestic and imported gas. It draws together different pieces of a larger gas sector story, viewed against the backdrop of India's broader transitions and its increasingly important role within the world economy.
Contents
1. Chapter 1 Natural Gas and Transition ; AN ECONOMY IN TRANSITION ; TRANSITION AND THE NATURAL GAS SECTOR ; OUTLINE OF THE BOOK ; 2. Chapter 2 Energy in the Indian Economy ; PRODUCTION AND USE OF ENERGY ; THE POTENTIAL FOR GAS IN INDIA ; 3. Chapter 3 Political Economy and the Industrial Structure of the Hydrocarbons Sector ; 4. Chapter 4 Domestic Supply and Demand for Gas ; THE MEANING OF FORECASTS OF DOMESTIC SUPPLY AND DEMAND ; THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE NEW EXPLORATION LICENSING POLICY (NELP) ; THE DEMAND FOR GAS ; OVERALL DEMAND ESTIMATES ; DEMAND BY SECTORS ; REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN GAS SUPPLY AND DEMAND ; THE OVERALL FORECAST ; 5. Chapter 5 The International Aspects of the Gas Sector ; THE NEED FOR IMPORTS ; LNG TERMINALS ; LNG SUPPLY CONTRACTS ; PROSPECTS FOR USING LNG IN THE POWER AND FERTILISER SECTORS ; TRANSNATIONAL PIPELINE PROPOSALS ; 6. Chapter 6 Gas Utilisation Policy ; GAS UTILISATION IN THEORY AND PRACTICE ; THE NELP PRODUCTION SHARING CONTRACT ; THE REVIVAL OF GAS ALLOCATION UNDER THE NELP ; RECONCILING THE CONCEPTUAL CONFLICT WITHIN THE NELP: POLICY PROVISIONS ; GAS UTILISATION AND PIPELINE INFRASTRUCTURE ; THE IMPACT OF GAS ALLOCATION ON PRICES ; THE FUTURE OF THE GAS UTILISATION POLICY ; 7. Chapter 7 Pricing ; PRICING REGIMES IN THE GAS SECTOR ; PRICING IN THE POWER SECTOR ; PRICING IN THE CITY GAS SECTOR ; CONCLUSIONS ON PRICING ; 8. Chapter 8 India's Gas Story and the Way Forward ; GAS, FERTILISERS AND TRANSITION ; GAS, POWER AND TRANSITION ; CITY GAS AND PUBLIC TRANSPORT ; GETTING THE GAS OUT OF THE GROUND ; GAS AND REGULATION ; THE GOVERNMENT AS COORDINATOR OF THE ECONOMY AND ANIMATOR OF DEVELOPMENT ; GOVERNMENT, GAS AND THE ENVIRONMENT ; HOW WILL THE GAS STORY END? ; 9. Annexes ; INTRODUCTION TO ANNEXES ; I EXCERPTS FROM ARTICLE 21 OF NELP VI REGARDING GAS UTILISATION PROVISIONS ; II REVISED PROVISIONS RELATING TO GAS UTILISATION POLICY IN THE NELP VII PSC ; III PRESS RELEASE ON DECISION REGARDING SALE OF NATURAL GAS BY NELP CONTRACTORS AND ORDER OF PRIORITY TO SUPPLY GAS FROM RIL'S KG-D6 FIELD ; IV POLICY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF NATURAL GAS PIPELINES AND CITY OR LOCAL NATURAL GAS DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS ; V REVISED ARTICLE 21 IN NELP VII MPSC REGARDING VALUATION OF NATURAL GAS ; VI PRESS RELEASE ON DECISION REGARDING SALE AND PRICE OF KG-D6 NATURAL GAS
