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Full Description
Philosophical controversy over non-human animals extends further back than many realize -- before Utilitarianism and Darwinism to the very genesis of philosophy. This volume examines the richness and complexity of that long history.
Twelve essays trace the significance of animals from Greek and Indian antiquity through the Islamic and Latin medieval traditions, to Renaissance and early modern thought, ending with contemporary notions about animals. Two main questions emerge throughout the volume: what capacities can be ascribed to animals, and how should we treat them? Notoriously ungenerous attitudes towards animals' mental lives and ethics status, found for instance in Aristotle and Descartes, are shown to have been more nuanced than often supposed, while remarkable defenses of benevolence towards animals are unearthed in late antiquity, India, the Islamic world, and Kant. Other chapters examine cannibalism and vegetarianism in Renaissance thought, and the scientific testing of animals. A series of interdisciplinary reflections sheds further light on human attitudes towards animals, looking at their depiction in visual artworks from China, Africa, and Europe, as well as the rich tradition of animal fables beginning with Aesop.
Contents
Contributors
Introduction, Peter Adamson
Chapter 1. Aristotle on Animals Devin Henry
Chapter 2. Reincarnation, Rationality, and Temperance: Platonists on Not Eating Animals G. Fay Edwards
Reflection: Listening to Aesop's Animals Jeremy B. Lefkowitz
Chapter 3. Illuminating Thought: Animals in Classical Indian Thought Amber D. Carpenter
Reflection: The Joy of Fish and Chinese Animal Painting Hou-mei Sung
Chapter 4. Human and Animal Nature in the Philosophy of the Islamic World Peter Adamson
Reflection: Of Rainbow Snakes and Baffling Buffalos: Reflections on a Central African Mask Allen F. Roberts
Chapter 5.Marking the Boundaries: Animals in Medieval Latin Philosophy Juhana Toivanen
Reflection: Animal Intelligence: Examples of the Human-Animal Border in Medieval Literature Sabine Obermaier
Reflection: Subversive Laughter in Reynard the Fox James Simpson
Chapter 6. Animals in the Renaissance: You Eat What you Are Cecilia Muratori
Chapter 7. Animal Souls and Beast Machines: Descartes' Mechanical Biology Deborah J. Brown
Chapter 8. Kant on Animals Patrick Kain
Reflection: The Gaze of the Ape: Gabriel von Max's Affenmalerei and the "Question of All Questions" Cecilia Muratori
Chapter 9. The Emergence of the Drive Concept and the Collapse of the Animal/Human Divide Paul Katsafanas
Chapter 10. Governing Darwin's World Philip Kitcher
Chapter 11. Morgan's Canon: Animal Psychology in the Twentieth Century and Beyond Helen Steward
Chapter 12.The Contemporary Debate in Animal Ethics Robert Garner
Primary Literature
Secondary Literature
Index
