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基本説明
An attempt to understand the changing nature of the hours worked in the USA and EU, as well as the effects of policies that impose working hour reductions.
Full Description
In the last 50 years the gap in labour productivity between Europe and the US has narrowed considerably with estimates in 2005 suggesting a EU-US labour productivity gap of about 5 per cent. Yet, average per capita income in the EU is still about 30% lower than in the US. This persistent gap in income per capita can be almost entirely explained by Europeans working less than Americans.
Why do Europeans work so little compared to Americans? What do they do with their spare time outside work? Can they be induced to work more without reducing labour productivity? If so, how? And what is the effect on well-being if policies are created to reward paid work as opposed to other potentially socially valuable activities, like childbearing? More broadly, should the state interfere at all when it comes to bargaining over working hours? This volume explores these questions and many more in an attempt to understand the changing nature of the hours worked in the USA and EU, as well as the effects of policies that impose working hour reductions.
Contents
Understanding Transatlantic Differences in Working Hours ; PART I THE DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL WORK IN THE EU AND USA ; 1. Time Use and Work Timing Inside and Outside the Market ; 2. Explaining the Data ; 3. Home Production, Set-up Costs, and Welfare ; Comments by Alberto Alesina and Christopher Pissarides ; PART II LABOUR MARKET EFFECTS OF WORK-SHARING ARRANGEMENTS IN EUROPE ; 4. Relocation of Working Time and Employment ; 5. Working Time Developments in Germany ; 6. The Two French Work-Sharing Experiments: Employment and Productivity Effects ; 7. Unions, Working Hours, and Absence: Sweden ; 8. Work-sharing, Part-time Employment, and Childcare ; 9. Conclusion ; Comments by Guiseppe Nicoletti and Jan van Ours ; Final Remarks by Olivier Blanchard, Steve Nickell, and Guido Tabellini