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Full Description
A concise yet comprehensive guide to effective communication in geography and the environmental sciences, this text helps students develop the skills required to produce high quality work. Drawing on Canadian sources and examples, the text examines the forms of communication that students will encounter throughout their academic and professional careers, including essays, lab reports, maps, graphs, and more.
Contents
1. INTRODUCING WRITING IN GEOGRAPHY AND THE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE ; Key Topics ; Why Write? ; Keys to Good Writing ; - Write for your audience ; - Avoid plagiarism ; - Get help with writing ; How to Improve the Quality of Your Written Expression ; - Write fluently and succinctly ; - Pay attention to paragraph structure ; - Use correct grammar, punctuation, and spelling ; - Keep your assignment to a reasonable length ; How to Improve the Presentation of Your Work ; - Select a brief and informative title ; - Make sure your work is legible and well-presented ; - Use headings to show structure ; - Format source citations and references properly ; - Demonstrate a level of individual scholarship ; How to Use Supplementary Materials Correctly ; - Make effective use of figures and tables ; - Present the supplementary materials correctly ; Further Reading ; 2. FINDING, EVALUATING, AND USING SOURCES ; Key Topics ; Why Are Sources Important in Scholarly Writing? ; Differentiating Academic from Non-Academic Sources ; Finding Sources with Useful and Relevant Information ; - Ensure you have enough sources ; - Types of sources ; Evaluating the Credibility of Sources ; - Questions to help you evaluate the of credibility of sources ; Incorporating Reference Material into Your Writing ; - Acknowledge your sources ; - Paraphrase and quote your source materia ; - Common knowledge does not need to be cited ; Steering Clear of Academic Dishonesty, Including Plagiarism ; Preparing a Research Ethics Application or Environmental Impact Statement ; Further Reading ; 3. WRITING AN ESSAY ; Key Topics ; Quality of Argument ; - Ensure that the essay addresses the question fully ; - Be sure that your essay is developed logically ; - Write a thesis statement ; - Create a structure for your essay ; - Review and revise your essay drafts ; Quality of evidence ; - Ensure your essay is well supported by evidence and examples ; A Self-Assessment Form for Your Essay ; Further Reading ; 4. WRITING A RESEARCH REPORT ; Key Topics ; Why Write a Research Report? ; What Are Readers Looking For in a Report? ; Writing a Research Report ; - Preliminary material ; - Introduction ; - Literature review ; - Materials and methods ; - Results ; - Discussion and conclusion ; - Recommendations ; - Reference List ; - Appendices ; - Written expression and presentation ; Writing a Laboratory Report ; Writing a Research Proposal ; - Purpose ; - Characteristics ; Further Reading ; 5. WRITING AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY, SUMMARY, OR REVIEW ; Key Topics ; Preparing an Annotated Bibliography ; - What is the purpose of an annotated bibliography? ; - What is the reader looking for in an annotated bibliography? ; Writing a Summary or Precis ; - What is the reader of a summary looking for? ; Writing a Review ; - Summary: What is this work about? ; - Analysis: What are the strengths and weaknesses of this work? ; - Evaluation: What is this work's contribution to the discipline? ; - Written expression and presentation of the review ; - Examples of published reviews ; Further Reading ; 6. REFERENCING AND LANGUAGE MATTERS ; Key Topics ; What Are Citations and References? Why Do We Need Them? ; Principal Reference Systems: Author-Date and Note Systems ; - Variants of reference systems: Reference styles ; - The author-date (Harvard) System ; - The note system ; Avoiding Biased Language and Stereotyping ; - Sexual bias and stereotyping ; - Other biases and stereotyping ; Salient Notes on Punctuation and Spelling ; - Comma [ , ] ; - Period [ . ] ; - Ellipsis points [ ... ] ; - Semicolon [; ] ; - Colon [ : ] ; - Quotation marks (double or single) [ " "or ' ' ] ; - Apostrophe [ ' ] ; - Uppercase letters ; - Numerals ; Further Reading ; 7. MAKING A POSTER ; Key Topics ; Why Make a Poster? ; How Are Posters Produced? ; What Are Your Markers Looking For in a Poster? ; Guidelines for Designing a Poster ; - Preliminary layout ; - Organization ; - Text ; - Colour ; - Tables, figures, and photographs ; - List of sources ; Further Reading ; 8. COMMUNICATING WITH GRAPHS AND TABLES ; Key Topics ; Why Communicate with Graphs and Tables? ; General Guidelines for Communicating Clearly with Graphs ; Computerized versus Manual Production of Graphs ; Different Types of Graphs ; - Scatter plots ; - Line graphs ; - Bar graphs ; - Histograms ; - Population pyramids or age-sex pyramids ; - Pie graphs ; - Graphs with logarithmic axes ; Tables ; - Elements of a table ; - Designing a table ; Further Reading ; 9. COMMUNICATING WITH MAPS ; What Is the Purpose of a Map? ; What Are the Different Types of Maps? ; - Dot maps ; - Proportional dot maps ; - Choropleth maps ; - Isoline maps ; - Other thematic maps ; - Topographic maps ; - Orthophoto maps ; How Is Map Scale Related to Detail? ; - Cartographic scale ; - How to display the scale of map ; - Scale and map generalization ; What are the Characteristics of a Good Map? ; - Standard map elements ; - Map design elements ; Further Reading ; 10. PREPARING AND DELIVERING AN ORAL PRESENTATION ; Key Topics ; Why Is Public Speaking Important? ; How to Prepare for an Oral Presentation ; - Establish the context and goals ; - Organize the material for presentation ; - Structure your presentation ; - Prepare your text and aids to delivery ; - Rehearse ; - Final points of preparation ; How to Deliver a Successful Oral Presentation ; How to Cope with Questions from the Audience ; Further Reading ; 11. WRITING FOR THE MEDIA AND PUBLIC AUDIENCES ; Key Topics ; Communicating with Public Audiences through the Media ; - Types of media ; Using Media Releases to Disseminate Information ; - How to write a media release ; - How to format a media release ; - How to enhance a media release for the digital environment ; - How to follow up on a media release ; Disseminating Information by Self-Publishing on the Internet ; - Opportunity comes with responsibility ; - Is self-publishing effective? ; - Content and presentation ; Conclusion ; Further Reading ; 12. SUCCEEDING IN EXAMINATIONS ; Key Topics ; Purposes of Examinations ; Types of Examinations ; - How to Prepare for an Examination ; - Ongoing preparatory activities during the term ; - Activities for successful exam preparation during review period ; - Preparations on the day of the examination ; Techniques for Success in Examinations ; - Steps to take before answering your first question ; - Advice for questions requiring written answers ; - Advice for multiple-choice examinations ; - Advice for oral examinations ; - Advice for open-book examinations ; - Advice for take-home examinations ; - Advice for online examinations ; Further Reading ; APPENDIX: SAMPLE PAPER FOR A SHORT WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT ; Glossary ; References ; Credits ; Index
