Full Description
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This book introduces a systematic framework for understanding and investigating lexical variation, using a distributional semantics approach. Distributional semantics embodies the idea that the context in which a word occurs reveals the meaning of that word. In contemporary corpus linguistics, that idea takes shape in various types of quantitative analysis of the corpus contexts in which words appear. In this book, the authors explore how count-based token-level semantic vector spaces, as an advanced form of such a quantitative methodology, can be applied to the study of polysemy, lexical variation, and lectometry. What can distributional models reveal about meaning? How can they be used to analyse the semantic relationship between near-synonyms, and to identify strict synonymy? How can they contribute to the study of lexical variation as a sociolinguistic variable, and to the use of those variables to measure convergence or divergence between language varieties? To answer these questions, the book presents a comprehensive model of lexical and semantic variation, based on the combination of a semasiological, an onomasiological, and a lectal dimension. It explains the mechanism of distributional modelling, both informally and technically, and introduces workflows and corpus linguistic tools that implement a distributional perspective in lexical research. Combining a cognitive linguistic interest in meaning with a sociolinguistic interest in variation, the authors illustrate this distributional methodology using case studies of Dutch and Spanish lexical data that focus on the detection of polysemy, the interaction of semasiological and onomasiological change, and sociolinguistic issues of lexical standardization and pluricentricity. Throughout, they highlight both the advantages and disadvantages of a distributional methodology: on the one hand, it has great potential to be scaled up for lexical research; on the other, its outcome does not necessarily neatly correspond with what would traditionally be considered different senses.
Contents
Introduction
Part I. Theoretical preliminaries
1: Lexical variation and the lexeme-lection-lect triangle
2: Distributional semantics and the fog of meaning
Part II. Distributional Methodology
3: Parameters and procedures for token-based distributional semantics
4: Visual analytics for token-based distributional semantics
Part III. Semasiological and onomasiological explorations
5: Making sense of distributional semantics
6: The interplay of semasiology and onomasiology
Part IV. Lectometric methodology
7: Quantifying lectal structure and change
8: Lectometry step by step
Part V. Lectometric explorations
9: Dimensions of standardization
10: Pluricentricity from a quantitative point of view
Conclusions
Software resources
References
Index
